Table 1 Comparison of health-deficits between frail and non-frail participants defined using the Frailty Index and Fried criteria

Age

43.94 (0.35)

57.98 (0.80)^c

44.67 (0.42)

47.32 (1.13)^e

Sex (% male)

4946 (49.3%)

497 (52.2%)

3506 (51.0%)

166 (34.5%)^e

Diabetes^a

317 (3.3%)

348 (36.6%)^c

352 (5.1%)

52 (10.8%)^e

Thyroid problem^a

599 (5.9%)

206 (21.7%)^c

443 (6.5%)

57 (11.8%)^d

Cancer^a

403 (4.0%)

181 (19.0%)^c

304 (4.4%)

47 (9.8%)^e

Stroke^a

69 (0.7%)

44 (4.6%)^c

58 (0.8%)

14 (2.9%)^d

Heart disease^a

253 (2.5%)

229 (24.0%)^c

284 (4.1%)

46 (9.5%)^e

Arthritis^a

1266 (12.6%)

515 (54.1%)^c

982 (14.3%)

160 (33.3%)^e

Persistent cough^a

1258 (12.5%)

354 (37.1%)^c

954 (13.9%)

92 (19.2%)^d

Known kidney dysfunction^a

99 (1.00%)

94 (9.9%)^c

109 (1.6%)

23 (4.7%)^e

Poor health ^a

788 (7.8%)

520 (54.6%)^c

624 (9.1%)

172 (35.6%)^e

Poor health compared to 1 year ago^a

1113 (11.1%)

426 (44.7%)^c

833 (12.1%)

139 (28.8%)^e

COPD^a

38 (0.4%)

72 (7.5%)^c

47 (0.7%)

15 (3.1%)^e

Asthma^a

770 (7.7%)

245 (25.7%)^c

602 (8.8%)

59 (12.3%)

Liver disease^a

220 (2.2%)

92 (9.6%)^c

199 (2.9%)

16 (3.3%)

Trouble sleeping^a

4712 (47.0%)

708 (74.2%)^c

3238 (47.1%)

304 (63.1%)^e

Resting HR (beats/min)^a

68.21 (0.30)

68.97 (0.72)

67.61 (0.29)

69.35 (0.61)^e

Systolic BP (mmHg)^a

111.41 (0.40)

120.80 (1.46)^c

112.43 (0.69)

113.32 (1.37)

Diastolic BP (mmHg)^a

71.33 (0.21)

71.96 (0.75)

71.77 (0.41)

70.54 (1.02)^e

eGFR (ml/min)

106.05 (0.47)

91.43 (1.21)^c

103.90 (0.61)

104.65 (1.66)

Albumin (g/L)^a

44.79 (0.17)

44.16 (0.29)^c

45.26 (0.15)

43.49 (0.43)^e

Haemoglobin (g/L)

142.51 (0.46)

140.04 (0.96)^c

143.09 (0.46)

138.84 (1.07)^e

Calcium (mmol/L)

2.41 (0.00)

2.43 (0.01)^c

2.41 (0.00)

2.39 (0.01)^e

Phosphate (mmol/L)

1.25 (0.01)

1.28 (0.02)^c

1.23 (0.00)

1.23 (0.01)^e

RBC count (10-12/L)^a

4.66 (0.01)

4.60 (0.05)^b

4.67 (0.02)

4.54 (0.03)^e

RBC distribution width (%)^a

12.69 (0.04)

13.38 (0.09)^c

12.51 (0.03)

12.92 (0.09)^d

Aspartate Aminotransferase (U/L)^a

27.94 (0.37)

33.80 (0.90)^c

28.31 (0.29)

26.92 (0.72)^d

HbA1_C (%)^a

5.53% (0.02%)

6.45% (0.09%)^c

5.67% (0.04%)

5.89% (0.07%)^e

Plasma glucose (mmol/L)^a

4.99 (0.02)

6.38 (0.15)^c

5.08 (0.03)

5.43 (0.12)^e