Table 1 Sample distribution by study sample, CLHLS 2000, 2002, 2005, and 2008/2009
Variables | % a | Self-perceived uselessness categories (percentages) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Always | Often | Sometimes | Seldom | Never | Unable to answer | ||
Total (n) | 29,954 b | 6.8 | 14.2 | 34.1 | 19.9 | 18.6 | 6.4 |
Successful aging indicators at follow-ups | |||||||
ADL dependent | 26.9 | 8.0 | 16.2 | 32.6 | 16.0 | 13.9 | 13.3 |
ADL independent | 73.1 | 6.3 | 13.4 | 34.6 | 21.4 | 20.4 | 4.9 |
IADL dependent | 69.1 | 7.5 | 15.6 | 33.9 | 18.5 | 15.8 | 8.7 |
IADL independent | 30.9 | 5.1 | 10.9 | 34.3 | 23.1 | 25.3 | 1.3 |
Cognitively impaired | 39.8 | 7.8 | 15.9 | 33.7 | 16.6 | 13.5 | 12.5 |
Cognitively unimpaired | 60.2 | 6.1 | 13.0 | 34.3 | 22.1 | 22.1 | 2.4 |
Not good life satisfaction | 45.1 | 7.7 | 15.4 | 34.7 | 18.4 | 15.6 | 8.2 |
Good life satisfaction | 54.9 | 6.0 | 13.1 | 33.6 | 21.2 | 21.1 | 5.0 |
Not good self-rated health | 57.5 | 7.4 | 15.5 | 35.1 | 18.4 | 15.6 | 8.0 |
Good self-rated health | 42.5 | 5.9 | 12.3 | 32.6 | 22.0 | 22.9 | 4.3 |
Covariates | |||||||
Age (years) (mean) | 83.6 c | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
Women | 55.2 | 7.5 | 16.0 | 35.0 | 18.2 | 15.2 | 8.1 |
Men | 44.8 | 5.8 | 11.9 | 33.0 | 22.0 | 22.9 | 4.4 |
Rural | 54.5 | 7.6 | 15.7 | 34.8 | 19.6 | 15.2 | 7.1 |
Urban | 45.5 | 5.7 | 12.3 | 33.2 | 20.3 | 22.9 | 5.6 |
Non-Han ethnicity | 6.6 | 3.6 | 10.9 | 37.0 | 22.9 | 19.0 | 6.6 |
Han ethnicity | 93.4 | 7.0 | 14.4 | 33.9 | 19.7 | 18.6 | 6.4 |
Non-white collar occupation | 91.1 | 6.9 | 14.8 | 34.7 | 19.7 | 17.1 | 7.8 |
White collar occupation | 8.9 | 4.8 | 7.9 | 28.1 | 21.9 | 34.4 | 2.9 |
Economic dependence | 67.2 | 7.3 | 15.8 | 35.1 | 18.9 | 14.5 | 8.4 |
Economic independence | 32.8 | 5.5 | 10.9 | 32.1 | 21.9 | 27.1 | 2.5 |
0 years of schooling | 58.4 | 7.7 | 16.4 | 34.8 | 18.3 | 14.3 | 8.6 |
1–6 years of schooling | 30.8 | 5.8 | 12.0 | 34.4 | 22.2 | 21.8 | 3.9 |
7+ years of schooling | 10.8 | 4.3 | 8.3 | 29.8 | 22.1 | 33.4 | 2.2 |
Currently not married | 62.5 | 7.3 | 15.5 | 34.3 | 18.4 | 15.7 | 8.7 |
Currently married | 38.5 | 5.8 | 12.0 | 33.7 | 22.3 | 23.4 | 2.8 |
Non-coresidence with children | 38.9 | 7.6 | 15.1 | 34.3 | 19.4 | 20.0 | 3.5 |
Coresidence with children | 61.1 | 6.2 | 13.5 | 33.9 | 20.2 | 17.8 | 8.3 |
Currently nonsmoking | 79.4 | 6.9 | 14.5 | 34.1 | 19.4 | 18.1 | 7.0 |
Currently smoking | 20.6 | 6.1 | 12.9 | 34.0 | 21.6 | 21.1 | 4.4 |
No current alcohol consumption | 78.4 | 7.1 | 14.8 | 34.2 | 19.4 | 17.6 | 6.9 |
Current alcohol consumption | 21.6 | 5.5 | 11.8 | 33.6 | 21.8 | 22.6 | 4.8 |
No regular exercise | 64.2 | 7.7 | 16.2 | 35.3 | 18.3 | 14.5 | 8.0 |
Regular exercise | 35.8 | 5.1 | 10.5 | 32.0 | 22.7 | 26.2 | 3.6 |
Not optimistic | 25.6 | 8.8 | 18.5 | 32.3 | 12.3 | 7.3 | 20.8 |
Optimistic | 74.4 | 6.1 | 12.7 | 34.7 | 22.5 | 22.6 | 1.5 |
Wave 2000 | 19.4 | 5.2 | 12.4 | 34.3 | 20.3 | 16.1 | 11.7 |
Wave 2002 | 27.9 | 8.3 | 14.6 | 33.4 | 17.4 | 15.6 | 10.7 |
Wave 2005 | 25.1 | 8.4 | 15.0 | 32.3 | 16.8 | 16.0 | 11.5 |
Wave 2008 | 27.6 | 7.2 | 16.6 | 29.0 | 17.1 | 14.9 | 15.2 |