Characteristicsa | Full Frailty Index [FI] | P-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Robust (N = 108,676) | Pre-Frail (N = 80,155) | Frail (N = 45,721) | ||
Sociodemographic characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age (years), mean ± SD | 81.52 ± 7.45 | 82.11 ± 7.33 | 82.94 ± 7.42 | <.001 |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | <.001 |
 Male | 38,967 (35.9 %) | 27,606 (34.4 %) | 16,552 (36.2 %) |  |
 Female | 69,709 (64.1 %) | 52,549 (65.6 %) | 29,169 (63.8 %) |  |
Rurality Index of Ontario | Â | Â | Â | <.001 |
 Major Urban | 71,478 (66.1 %) | 53,723 (67.4 %) | 31,606 (69.6 %) |  |
 Urban | 25,243 (23.3 %) | 17,965 (22.6 %) | 9,673 (21.3 %) |  |
 Rural | 11,406 (10.5 %) | 7,974 (10.0 %) | 4,160 (9.2 %) |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | <.001 |
 Married | 42,380 (39.0 %) | 31,121 (38.8 %) | 18,563 (40.6 %) |  |
 Never Married/Other | 6,340 (5.8 %) | 3,658 (4.6 %) | 1,890 (4.1 %) |  |
 Widowed | 52,399 (48.2 %) | 40,025 (49.9 %) | 22,752 (49.8 %) |  |
 Separated/Divorced | 7,557 (7.0 %) | 5,351 (6.7 %) | 2,516 (5.5 %) |  |
Primary caregiver | Â | Â | Â | <.001 |
 No primary caregiver | 3,133 (2.9 %) | 1,441 (1.8 %) | 607 (1.3 %) |  |
 Yes, does not live with client | 54,236 (49.9 %) | 37,256 (46.5 %) | 19,392 (42.4 %) |  |
 Yes, lives with client | 51,307 (47.2 %) | 41,458 (51.7 %) | 25,722 (56.3 %) |  |
Caregiver is distressed | 12,851 (11.8Â %) | 21,590 (26.9Â %) | 20,179 (44.1Â %) | <.001 |
Total weekday hours of caregiver support during past week, mean ± SD | 8.48 ± 9.67 | 12.93 ± 13.92 | 17.10 ± 19.88 | <.001 |
Total weekend hours of caregiver support during past week, mean ± SD | 3.72 ± 4.03 | 5.48 ± 5.67 | 7.09 ± 8.07 | <.001 |
Average hours of caregiver support per day, mean ± SD | 1.74 ± 1.91 | 2.63 ± 2.74 | 3.45 ± 3.93 | <.001 |
Comorbidity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Number of ADG comorbidity categories | Â | Â | Â | <.001 |
 0–5 | 16,855 (15.5 %) | 10,636 (13.3 %) | 5,228 (11.4 %) |  |
 6–9 | 35,508 (32.7 %) | 23,905 (29.8 %) | 12,165 (26.6 %) |  |
 10+ | 56,313 (51.8 %) | 45,614 (56.9 %) | 28,328 (62.0 %) |  |
Health care utilization | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Acute care hospitalization in year prior to index date | 46,065 (42.4Â %) | 37,250 (46.5Â %) | 23,641 (51.7Â %) | <.001 |
Acute care hospitalization with ALC stay in year prior to index date | 8,499 (7.8Â %) | 9,431 (11.8Â %) | 7,940 (17.4Â %) | <.001 |
Emergency department visit in year prior to index date | 68,763 (63.3Â %) | 56,421 (70.4Â %) | 35,586 (77.8Â %) | <.001 |
Number of unique prescription medications overlapping index date, mean ± SD | 5.52 ± 3.49 | 6.58 ± 3.89 | 6.39 ± 4.33 | <.001 |
Unique prescription medications overlapping index date | Â | Â | Â | <.001 |
 0–5 | 58,246 (53.6 %) | 33,155 (41.4 %) | 19,719 (43.1 %) |  |
 6–9 | 36,256 (33.4 %) | 29,605 (36.9 %) | 15,343 (33.6 %) |  |
 10+ | 14,174 (13.0 %) | 17,395 (21.7 %) | 10,659 (23.3 %) |  |
Outcomes b one year following index date | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Death | 13,212 (12.2Â %) | 14,307 (17.8Â %) | 13,525 (29.6Â %) | <.001 |
LTC admission | 9,372 (8.6Â %) | 15,308 (19.1Â %) | 15,464 (33.8Â %) | <.001 |
Hospitalization | 40,850 (37.6Â %) | 35,876 (44.8Â %) | 21,659 (47.4Â %) | <.001 |
Hospitalization with ALC stay | 11,927 (11.0Â %) | 12,205 (15.2Â %) | 7,489 (16.4Â %) | <.001 |