Table 2 Characteristics of older people according to their self-perceived health
From: Self-perceived health in functionally independent older people: associated factors
Self-perceived health | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Poor (n = 116) | Good (n = 518) | p-value |
Sex | |||
Men | 47 (16) | 238 (84) | 0.288 |
Women | 69 (20) | 280 (80) | |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 74.9 (6.3) | 74.8 (6.8) | 0.865 |
Level of education | |||
Primary or lower | 103 (20) | 416 (80) | 0.035 |
Secondary or higher | 13 (11) | 101 (89) | |
Monthly family income (€) | |||
≤1500 | 68 (20) | 277 (80) | 0.053 |
≥1501 | 18 (12) | 127 (88) | |
Living arrangements | |||
Alone | 29 (18) | 130 (82) | 0.974 |
With others | 87 (18) | 387 (82) | |
Number of diagnosed chronic diseases | |||
0–2 | 45 (10) | 403 (90) | <0.0001 |
≥3 | 71 (38) | 115 (62) | |
Number of drugs taken daily | |||
0–2 | 38 (9) | 384 (91) | <0.0001 |
≥3 | 78 (37) | 134 (63) | |
GDS score | |||
Not depressive symptoms (<5) | 86 (15) | 470 (85) | <0.0001 |
Depressive symptoms (≥5) | 30 (38) | 48 (62) | |
Falls in the previous 12 months | |||
0 | 91 (18) | 424 (82) | 0.396 |
≥1 | 25 (21) | 94 (79) | |
Sensory impairment | |||
≥1 | 46 (28) | 117 (72) | 0.0001 |
0 | 70 (15) | 401 (85) | |
Smoker | |||
Yes | 7 (17) | 35 (83) | 0.774 |
No | 109 (18) | 482 (82) | |
Physical activity in the previous 2 weeks | |||
Yes | 94 (18) | 437 (82) | 0.380 |
No | 22 (21) | 81 (79) | |
Sleep quality | |||
Good | 89 (16) | 463 (84) | 0.002 |
Bad | 27 (33) | 55 (67) | |
Nutrition pattern (STARU) | |||
Good (<7) | 101 (17) | 498 (83) | 0.0001 |
Bad (≥7) | 15 (43) | 20 (57) | |
Cognitively stimulating activities | |||
Yes | 104 (17) | 504 (83) | <0.0001 |
No | 12 (46) | 14 (54) | |
Active leisure activities | |||
Yes | 110 (18) | 503 (82) | 0.245 |
No | 6 (29) | 15 (71) | |
Social leisure activities | |||
Yes | 90 (16) | 462 (84) | 0.001 |
No | 26 (32) | 56 (68) | |
Group social activities | |||
Yes | 41 (12) | 305 (88) | <0.0001 |
No | 75 (26) | 211 (74) | |
LSNS score | |||
Low level of perceived social support (<12) | 27 (19) | 113 (81) | 0.732 |
High level of perceived social support (≥12) | 89 (18) | 405 (82) | |
Duke-UNC FSSQ score | |||
Low level of functional social support (≤32) | 11 (15) | 61 (85) | 0.416 |
High level of functional social support (>32) | 105 (19) | 457 (81) | |
STS | |||
Low social trust (≤5) | 49 (24) | 159 (76) | 0.017 |
High social trust (>5) | 67 (16) | 359 (84) | |
Self-perceived social life | |||
Unsatisfactory | 18 (42) | 25 (58) | <0.0001 |
Satisfactory | 98 (17) | 493 (83) | |
Obstacles inside the home | |||
Yes | 15 (29) | 36 (71) | 0.031 |
No | 100 (17) | 480 (83) | |
Self perceived housing condition | |||
Good | 101 (17) | 477 (83) | 0.085 |
Poor | 15 (27) | 41 (73) | |
Adequate community services | |||
Yes | 15 (14) | 95 (86) | 0.164 |
No | 101 (19) | 423 (81) | |
Supermarket within walking distance | |||
Yes | 83 (16) | 432 (84) | 0.003 |
No | 33 (28) | 86 (72) | |