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Table 3 Data extraction of identified studies

From: Factors influencing home discharge after inpatient rehabilitation of older patients: a systematic review

Influencing factor Study Influencing factor specified Discharge destination Result Interpretation
Age Bergés et al., 2008 [29] Higher age Home vs. institution OR = 0.97 (0.97–0.98)* Higher age is related to fewer home discharges
Chang et al., 2008 [9] Each 1 year increase in age Home vs. institution OR = 0.99 (0.99–1.00) Higher age is not related to discharge disposition
Chin et al., 2008 [10] Age ≥ 80 years Institution vs. home OR = 1.92 (1.04–3.57)* Higher age is related to discharge to an institution
New, 2007 [23] Higher age Home vs. institution Wilkinson-rank sum test; p =0.01* Higher age is related to fewer home discharges
Sansone et al., 2002 [27] Age Home vs. institution OR = 1.05 (0.99–1.09) Age is not related to discharge disposition
Siebens et al., 2012 [32] Higher age Home vs. institution OR = 0.92 (0.87–0.96)* Higher age is related to fewer home discharges
Vincent et al., 2006 [33] Age group <85 vs. ≥85 Home vs. institution χ 2; p < 0.05* Higher age is related to fewer home discharges
Vincent et al., 2008 [34] Age group <85 vs. ≥85 Non-home vs. home OR = 3.63(3.37–3.89)‡ Higher age is related to fewer home discharges
Yan et al., 2013 [28] Younger age Home vs. not home MANOVA; p = 0.04* Younger age is related to home discharge
Ethnicity Bergés et al., 2008 [29] Black vs. white Home vs. institution OR = 1.23 (1.07–1.41)* Black race is related to home discharge
Hispanic vs. white OR = 1.51 (1.15–1.99)* Hispanic race is related to home discharge
Asian vs. white   OR = 1.67 (0.93–3.00) Asian race is not related to discharge disposition
Chang et al., 2008 [9] Black vs. white Home vs. institution OR = 2.00 (1.55–2.59)* Black race is related to home discharge
OR = 2.24 (1.66–3.02)* Hispanic race is related to home discharge
Hispanic vs. white
Graham et al., 2008 [7] Non-Hispanic black vs. white Home vs. institution OR = 2.02 (1.77–2.32)* Non-Hispanic Black race is related to home discharge
Hispanic vs. white   OR = 1.90 (1.64–2.19)* Hispanic race is related to home discharge
Asian vs. white   OR = 2.07 (1.55–2.78)* Asian race is related to home discharge
Siebens et al., 2012 [32] Nonwhite vs. white Home vs. institution OR = 4.34 (0.86–21.79) Nonwhite race is not related discharge disposition
Marital status Bergés et al., 2008 [29] Married vs. not-married Home vs. institution OR = 2.42 (2.24–2.61)* Being married is related to home discharge
Chang et al., 2008 [9] Not-married vs. married Home vs. institution OR = 0.45 (0.40–0.51)* Being not-married is related to fewer home discharges
Kurichi et al., 2013 [30] Married vs. not-married Home vs. institution OR = 1.51 (1.14–1.99)** Being married is related to home discharge
Functional status Chin et al., 2008 [10] Admission FIM score <75 Institution vs. home OR = 4.68 (2.23–9.82)* Lower functional status at admission is related to discharge to an institution
Sansone et al., 2002 [27] Admission FIM score ≤71vs admission FIM score >72 Home vs. institution OR = 0.91 (0.85–0.96)*** Lower functional status at admission is related to fewer home discharges
Yan et al., 2013 [28] Admission FIM score Home vs. institution MANOVA p = 0.00*** Higher functional status at admission is related to home discharge
Cognition Chin et al., 2008 [10] Admission AMT <6 Institution vs. home OR = 1.60 (0.87–2.96) Impaired cognitive function at admission is not related to discharge disposition
Hershkovitz et al., 2007 [30] MMSE score Home vs. nursing home OR = 1.11 (1.03–1.20)* Higher cognitive functional level is related to home discharge
Siebens et al., 2012 [32] Cognitive FIM at admission Home vs. institution OR = 1.06 (1.01–1.11)* Better cognitive function at admission is related to home discharge
Depression Hershkovitz et al., 2007 [30] Presence of depression Home vs. nursing home OR = 0.30 (0.11–0.84)* The presence of depression is related to fewer home discharges
Kurichi et al., 2013 [31] Presence of depression Home vs. institution OR = 0.63 (0.40–0.98)* The presence of depression is related to fewer home discharges
Clinical severity of illness Siebens et al., 2012 [32] Lower maximum severity Home vs. institution OR = 0.95 (0.93–0.97) *** Lower severity of illness calculated by the CSI is related to home discharge
Treatment-level procedures Kurichi et al., 2013 [31] Ongoing active cardiac pathology (yes vs. no) Home vs. institution OR = 0.55 (0.37–0.81)** Treatment level procedure is related to home discharge
Pre-hospital living situation Yan et al., 2013 [28] Lives alone vs. lives with someone Home vs. institution Fisher’s Exact Text: p = 0.35 Living alone is not related to discharge disposition
Hershkovitz et al., 2007 [30] Presence of a caregiver at home Home vs. nursing home OR = 8.88 (1.76–44.9)* The presence of a caregiver at home is related to home discharge
Gender Bergés et al., 2008 [29] Male vs. female Home vs. institution OR = 1.08 (1.01–1.17)* Male gender is related to home discharge
Chang et al., 2008 [9] Male vs. female Home vs. institution OR = 0.85 (0.75–0.96)* Male gender is related to fewer home discharges
Kay et al., 2010 [22] Male vs. female; etiology degenerative spinal disorders Community-based residence vs. nursing home OR = 1.00 (0.50–1.99) Gender is not related to discharge disposition
OR = 0.98 (0.39–2.45) Gender is not related to discharge disposition
Male vs. female; etiology malignant tumor OR = 0.73 (0.22–2.49) Gender is not related to discharge disposition
Male vs. female; etiology vascular ischemia
New, 2007 [23] Male vs. female Home vs. not home χ 2; p = 0.00** Female gender is related to fewer home discharges
Sansone et al., 2002 [27] Male vs. female Home vs. institution OR = 1.01 (0.35–2.95) Gender is not related to discharge disposition
Vincent et al., 2006 [33] Female vs. male Home vs. institution χ 2; p < 0.05* Female gender is related to fewer home discharges
Yan et al., 2013 [28] Male vs. female Home vs. institution Fisher’s Exact Test; p = 0.27 Male gender is not related to discharge disposition
Comorbidity Berges et al., 2008 [29] One or more Home vs. institution OR = 1.14 (0.83–1.57) The presence of one or more comorbidities is not related to discharge disposition
Chang et al., 2008 [9] 1–3 > 3 Home vs. institution OR = 1.09 (0.73–1.63) The presence of one or more comorbidities is not related to discharge disposition
OR = 1.35 (0.95–1.93)
Chin et al., 2008 [10] CVA or Parkinsonism Institution vs. home OR = 1.18 (0.56–2.51) The presence of CVA or Parkinsonism as a comorbidity is not related to discharge disposition
Kurichi et al., 2013 [31] Congestive heart failure Home vs. institution OR = 0.62 (0.45–0.85)** The presence of congestive heart failure as a comorbidity is associated with fewer home discharges
Sansone et al., 2002 [27] 1 or more vs. 0 Home vs. institution OR = 1.13 (0.37–3.38) The presence of a comorbidity is not associated with discharge disposition
Yan et al., 2013 [28] Number of comorbidities Home vs. institution MANOVA p = 0.32 The number of comorbidities is not associated with discharge disposition
Type of surgery Chin et al., 2008 [10] Arthroplasty vs. Closed Reduction Internal Fixation (CRIF) Institution vs. home OR = 0.99 (0.56–1.73) Fracture management is not related to discharge disposition
Vincent et al., 2006 [26] Home discharge in the primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) group vs. the revision THA group Home vs. institution Kruskal-Wallis; p < 0.00*** Type of surgery in hip arthroplasty patients is related to home discharge
Vincent et al., 2006 [25] Home discharge in the primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) group vs. the revision TKA group Home vs. institution Kruskal-Wallis; p < 0.00*** Type of surgery in knee arthroplasty patients is related to home discharge
Vincent et al., 2008 [34] Bilateral joint procedures (THA + TKA) or unilateral joint procedures Home vs. institution OR = 0.76 (0.49–1.01) The type of joint procedure is not related to discharge disposition
Postoperative complications Chin et al., 2008 [10] Chest infection or urinary tract infection Institution vs. home OR = 1.44 (0.56–3.69) The postoperative complications chest infection or urinary tract infection are not related to discharge disposition
Kurichi et al., 2013 [31] Local significant infection at amputation Home vs. institution OR = 0.57 (0.39–0.83)** Postoperative complications are related to fewer home discharges
Admission weight-bearing status Siebens et al., 2012 [32] Weight bearing as tolerated (WBAT) vs. restricted weight bearing (RWB) after hip fracture Home vs. institution OR = 2.58 (0.99–6.70) Admission status “weight bearing as tolerated” is not related to discharge disposition
Hematocrit value Vincent et al., 2010 [14] Very low hematocrit (Hct <30 %) vs. low Hct (30–36 % women; 30–41 % men) vs. normal Hct (>36 % women; >41 % men) Home vs. institution χ 2; p > 0.05 Hematocrit value is not related to discharge disposition
Distance Yan et al., 2013 [28] Distance from inpatient rehabilitation facility in miles Home vs. institution MANOVA p = 0.09 The distance from the inpatient rehabilitation facility is not related to discharge disposition
Length of Stay in acute setting Chin et al., 2008 [10] >7 days Institution vs. home OR = 1.05 (0.59–1.87) The length of stay in the acute setting is not related to discharge disposition
Obesity Vincent et al., 2007 [24] BMI <30 kg/m2 vs. BMI ≥30 kg/m2 Home vs. institution χ 2; p >0.05 Obesity is not related to discharge disposition
Vincent et al., 2008 [34] BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 vs. BMI <50 kg/m2 Home vs. institution OR = 0.97 (0.71–1.23) BMI is not related to discharge disposition
Vincent et al., 2009 [35] BMI <25 kg/m2 vs. BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2vs BMI 30–40 kg/m2 vs. BMI >40 kg/m2 Home vs. institution χ 2; p >0.05 BMI is not related to discharge disposition
Yan et al., 2013 [28] Difference in BMI between home discharge and not home discharge Home vs. institution MANOVA p = 0.78 BMI is not related to discharge disposition
Pain Chin et al., 2008 [10] VAS pain scale at admission ≥4 Institution vs. home OR = 0.61 (0.33–1.13) Higher pain score at admission is not related to discharge disposition
Pre-fracture mobility status Chin et al., 2008 [10] Dependent or non-walker Institution vs. home OR = 1.84 (0.94–3.60) Pre-fracture dependent mobility status is not related to discharge disposition
Pressure sore Chin et al., 2008 [10] Pressure sore at admission to rehabilitation Institution vs. home OR = 1.10 (0.44–2.73) The presence of a pressure sore at admission is not related to discharge disposition
Primary insurance Chang et al., 2008 [9] Private vs. Medicare Home vs. institution OR = 1.01 (0.81–1.25) The type of primary insurance is not related to discharge disposition
Medicaid vs. Medicare OR = 1.01 (0.45–2.28)
Other vs. Medicare OR = 1.23 (0.70–2.17)
Smoking history Sansone et al., 2002 [27] Smoker vs. non-smoker Home vs. institution OR = 3.17 (0.86–11.63) Smoking history is not related to discharge disposition
  1. vs. stands for versus; CVA denotes cerebrovascular accident; FIM Functional independence measure; AMT Abbreviated Mental Test; MMSE Mini Mental State Examination; CSI Comprehensive Severity Index and VAS Visual Analogue Scale
  2. *P < 0.05
  3. **p < 0.01
  4. ***p < 0.001
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