Physical, cognitive, social and mental health in near-centenarians and centenarians living in New York City: findings from the Fordham Centenarian Study

Table 2 Central study variables: Number of participants providing information, Observed range, Mean level, Standard deviation

Key study variables	N	Min	Max	Mean (SD)
Number of illnesses^a	116	0	11	4.85 (2.32)
Subjective health^b	119	1	5	2.97 (1.12)
PADL^c	108	0	14	10.41 (3.67)
IADL^d	102	0	14	8.89 (4.05)
MMSE^e	119	5	21	16.45 (4.04)
GlobDetScale^f	100	1	5	1.44 (.91)
Number of living children^g	119	0	6	1.36 (1.31)
Family support score	95	0	15	7.11 (3.44)
Friends support score	95	0	15	5.25 (4.41)
GDS^h	107	1	14	4.10 (3.41)
Life satisfactionⁱ	112	0	4	2.07 (1.14)

^aHealth conditions included: high blood pressure, heart condition, diabetes, chronic lung disease, ulcers or other serious stomach issues, cirrhosis or other liver problems, kidney condition, frequent urinary infections, incontinence, prostate problems, problems with vision or hearing, arthritis, osteoporosis, stroke, cancer, pneumonia, falls, and other. Within the “other” category, 20 additional conditions were mentioned. The resulting theoretical range was 0–36. ^bsubjective health theoretical range: 1–5. ^c PADL Personal Activities of Daily Living (range: 0–14). ^d IADL Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (range: 0–14). ^e MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination (shortened, range: 0–21). ^f GlobDetScale Global Deterioration Scales (range: 1–7). ^gNumber of living children: 6 indicates 6 or more. Due to an outlier with more than 20 children (biological and adopted), this variable had to be curtailed. ^h GDS Geriatric depression scale (range: 0–15). ⁱLife satisfaction range 0–4. SD Standard Deviation

ISSN: 1471-2318