Table 5 Scores for women in the social, psychological and physical domains according to the three frailty stages

Social network type (%)

family dependent

23.2

22.9

22.2

27.5

0.111

locally integrated

38.8

41.0

37.7

32.9

local self-contained

22.3

21.6

23.7

20.8

wider community focused

8.4

9.6

8.3

3.6

private restricted

7.3

5.0

8.0

15.2

Informal care use in past 12 months (%)

yes, and still present

18.7

5.1

23.9

61.2

<0.001

no

79.2

93.2

73.2

36.5

Loneliness (De Jong-Gierveld, 0–11)^a

3.2 (±3.4)

2.3 (±2.9)

3.8 (±3.6)

5.5 (±3.8)

<0.001

Psychological distress (K-10, 10–50)

17.0 (±6.7)

14.2 (±4.3)

18.3 (±6.2)

25.4 (±8.1)

<0.001

Mastery (Pearlin & Schooler, 7–35)

25.0 (±5.7)

26.9 (±4.8)

24.2 (±5.5)

19.5 (±5.7)

<0.001

Self-management (SMAS-S, 1–6)

4.1 (±0.7)

4.3 (±0.6)

4.0 (±0.7)

3.5 (±0.8)

<0.001

Chronic diseases (%)

diabetes

16.5

10.4

20.2

32.5

<0.001

stroke/cerebral haemorrhage or infarction (past 12 months)

1.6

0.8

2.0

3.5

<0.001

myocardial infarction (ever)

7.3

3.5

8.9

19.1

<0.001

other heart conditions (CHF or AP) (past 12 months)

8.1

3.9

11.0

18.1

<0.001

cancer (ever)

18.7

16.4

20.1

24.4

<0.001

asthma or COPD (past 12 months)

15.9

11.3

18.6

26.6

<0.001

hip or knee arthrosis (past 12 months)

52.0

37.3

64.0

75.5

<0.001

chronic joint inflammation (past 12 months)

20.1

7.8

29.0

44.0

<0.001

back problems (incl. hernia) (past 12 months)

24.0

13.9

30.0

47.1

<0.001

Number of chronic diseases (%)

0

26.7

38.6

16.7

4.8

<0.001

1

30.9

37.4

26.2

16.6

2

21.0

16.5

26.8

23.4

≥3

21.5

7.5

30.3

55.3

GARS IADL-disability (7–28)

10.9 (±5.2)

8.1 (±2.2)

12.1 (±4.9)

19.1 (±5.2)

<0.001

OECD disability

1 or more disabilities (%)

35.8

12.4

50.0

94.6

<0.001