Demographics
| | | |
Age, mean (SD), y
|
77.9 ± 5.3
|
78.4 ± 5.5
|
0.44
|
Gender
| | |
0.071
|
Men
|
193 (39.5)
|
57 (31.8)
|
Women
|
296 (60.5)
|
122 (68.2)
|
White Race
|
397 (81.2)
|
138 (77.0)
|
0.58
|
Educational level, mean (SD), y
|
14.98 ± 5.1
|
14.97 ± 8.1
|
0.11
|
Health behaviors
| | | |
Body mass index, kg/m2,b
| | |
0.31
|
<25
|
148 (30.3)
|
62 (34.6)
|
25-29.9
|
208 (42.5)
|
78 (43.6)
|
≥30
|
133 (27.2)
|
39 (21.8)
|
Current smoker
|
283 (57.9)
|
102 (57.)
|
0.84
|
Alcohol use (Endorsing ≥2 drinks per week)
|
136 (27.8)
|
35 (19.6)
|
0.03
|
Physical activity scorec
| | |
0.024
|
0- 66
|
139 (28.4)
|
68 (38.0)
|
66.01-124
|
164 (33.5)
|
59 (33.0)
|
124.01-559
|
181 (37.0)
|
49 (27.4)
|
Health conditions
| | | |
Comorbidity index
|
2.8 ± 1.4
|
3.8 ± 1.8
|
<.0001
|
Hypertension
|
374 (76.5)
|
147 (82.1)
|
0.075
|
Hyperlipidemia
|
285 (58.3)
|
103 (57.5)
|
0.54
|
Diabetes
|
84 (17.2
|
42 (23.5)
|
0.066
|
Previous Stroke
|
39 (8.0)
|
27 (15.1)
|
0.007
|
Coronary artery disease
|
67 (13.7)
|
40 (22.4)
|
0.0044
|
Congestive Heart failure
|
16 (3.3)
|
18 (10.1)
|
0.0004
|
Cognitive impairment (MMSE < 24)d
|
42 (8.6)
|
30 (16.8)
|
0.0026
|
Medications
| | | |
Any cardiovascular medication
|
320 (65.4)
|
134 (74.86)
|
0.024
|
Psychotropic Medication
|
30 (6.1)
|
16 (8.94)
|
0.21
|
Biomarkers measures
| | | |
C-Reactive Protein, mean (SD), mg/L
|
3.8 ± 12.3
|
5.3 ± 14.8
|
0.19
|
Interleukin-6, mean (SD), pg/mL
|
3.8 ± 7.5
|
4.2 ± 5.7
|
0.046
|
Soluble ICAM-1, mean (SD), ng/mL
|
258 ± 75
|
273 ± 87
|
0.064
|
Soluble VCAM-1, mean (SD), ng/mL
|
1176 ± 417
|
1239 ± 451
|
0.036
|