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Table 3 Logistic regression model of the factors that were associated with a change in physical activity

From: Physical activity changes in the winter in older persons living in northern Japan: a prospective study

 

Step counts

MVPA

 

Decline (n = 64) vs. Other (n = 137)

Decline (n = 89) vs. Other (n = 112)

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Risk factor

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Age (years)

1.05

0.97 ― 1.13

1.07

0.98 ― 1.17

1.08*

1.00 ― 1.16

1.12*

1.03 ― 1.22

Sex (male: 1, female: 2)

1.15

0.62 ― 2.10

0.98

0.39 ― 2.43

0.90

0.51 ― 1.59

1.02

0.44 ― 2.40

BMI (kg/m2)

1.05

0.96 ― 1.15

1.04

0.94 ― 1.16

1.00

0.92 ― 1.09

1.02

0.92 ― 1.13

Weakness (yes: 1, no: 0)

2.74*

1.13 ― 6.62

2.89*

1.10 ― 7.58

1.48

0.62 ― 3.54

1.86

0.71 ― 4.89

Slowness (yes: 1, no: 0)

1.79

0.89 ― 3.60

1.72

0.77 ― 3.86

0.89

0.45 ― 1.77

0.74

0.33 ― 1.64

Exercise habit (yes: 1, no: 0)

1.13

0.62 ― 2.06

1.31

0.66 ― 2.62

1.14

0.65 ― 2.00

1.37

0.72 ― 2.61

Smoking (yes: 1, no: 0)

0.82

0.43 ― 1.58

0.87

0.35 ― 2.14

1.29

0.71 ― 2.35

1.40

0.60 ― 3.25

TMIGIC (score)

1.04

0.89 ― 1.20

1.07

0.88 ― 1.30

1.02

0.89 ― 1.17

1.07

0.90 ― 1.28

Social support (score)

1.13

0.89 ― 1.43

1.09

0.83 ― 1.43

0.95

0.77 ― 1.17

0.90

0.71 ― 1.14

Morbidity (yes: 1, no: 0)

1.32

0.65 ― 2.67

1.33

0.61 ― 2.89

1.65

0.85 ― 3.18

1.95

0.93 ― 4.08

Snow shovelling (yes: 1, no: 0)

0.68

0.32 ― 1.44

0.81

0.33 ― 2.01

0.99

0.48 ― 2.05

1.02

0.42 ― 2.49

A change in the frequency of outdoor excursions (midwinter ― early winter, days)

0.88

0.73 ― 1.06

0.83

0.68 ― 1.02

0.81*

0.67 ― 0.97

0.75**

0.62 ― 0.92

  1. MVPA: moderate-vigorous physical activity.
  2. BMI: body mass index.
  3. TMIGIC: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology index of competence.
  4. The dependent variable was considered a decline of 10% during early winter and midwinter of each physical activity (decline = 1, other = 0).
  5. Model 1: univariate model.
  6. Model 2: Multivariate model that was adjusted for age, sex, BMI, weakness, slowness, exercise habits, smoking, TMIGIC, social support, morbidity, snow-shovelling habits, and a change in frequency of outdoor excursions.
  7. *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.