Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Study | Sample size (n) | Mean Length of Follow-up (years) | Number of Alzheimer’s cases | Log HR/RR | Log 95% C.I. | Mean age of study participants mean (SD) | %APOE (% tested positive for the APOE gene) | Gender (F) | Measurement of physical activity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Scarmeas et al. [13] | 1880 | 5.4 | 282 | −0.46 | (−0.82, −0.11) | 77.2 (6.6) | 24% n = 443 | 69% n = 1293 | Godin-time leisure questionnaire |
Buchman et al. [8] | 716 | 4 | 71 | −0.63 | (−1.22, −0.05) | 81.6 (7.12) | n/a | 76% n = 602 | Actigraphs worn by participants |
Scarmeas et al. [14] | 4166 | 5.2 | 262 | −0.73 | (−1.27, −0.20) | Alzheimer’s disease patients 78.8 (6.7) | Alzheimer’s disease patients, much PA: 33% n = 33 No PA: 33% n = 40 | Alzheimer’s disease patients, Much Physical activity: 66% n = 71, No Physical activity: 71% n = 102 | Godin-time leisure questionnaire |
Larson et al. [15] | 1740 | 6.2 | 107 | −0.37 | (−0.79, 0.05) | Participants who exercised fewer than 3x week: 74.5 (5.8) Participants who exercised more than 3x week: 74.3 (5.7) | Participants who exercised fewer than 3x week: 23% n = 100 Participants who exercised more than 3x week: 22% n = 290 | Participants who exercised fewer than 3x week: 63% n = 278 Participants who exercised more than 3x week: 60% n = 772 | Self-reported, regular exercise defined as “three times a week or more” |
Lindsay et al. [12] | 4615 | 5.0 | 194 | −0.37 | (−0.70, −0.04) | Alzheimer’s disease cases, 81 (sd n/a) | 40% n = 39/98 cases tested | 68% n = 131 | Participation in regular exercise “yes/no” |
Podewils et al. [7] | 3375 | 5.4 | 245 | −0.36 | (−0.83, 0.11) | 74.8 (4.9) | 24% n = 813 | 59% n = 1,995 | Minnesota Leisure time activity questionnaire |
Abbott et al. [16] | 2257 | 6.0 | 101 | −0.80 | (−1.54, −0.06) | Participants who walked more than 2 miles per day: 76 (3.6) Participants who walked less than 0.25 miles per day: 77.4 (4.4) | Participants who walked more than 2 miles per day: 17% n = 78 Participants who walked less than 0.25 miles per day: 19% n = 105 | 0% | Physical Activity Index |
Yoshitake et al. [17] | 828 | 7.0 | 42 | −1.71 | (−2.94, −0.49) | Men: 73 (5.6) Women: 74 (6.1) | n/a | 60% n = 493 | Categorized self-reported physical activity levels |
Ravaglia et al. [18] | 749 | 3.9 | 54 | −0.36 | (−1.11, 0.40) | 73.2 (6.0) | 16% n = 123 | 54% n = 401 | Paffenbarger physical activity questionnaire |