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Table 1 SOT Assessments in Healthy Older Adults during the Day, Pre-Sleep, and after a Middle-of-the-Night Awakening

From: Use of computerized dynamic posturography to assess balance in older adults after nighttime awakenings using zolpidem as a reference

SOT Assessment

Daytime* (mean ± SE)

Pre-sleep* (mean ± SE)

Middle-of-the-Night* (mean ± SE)

Daytime vs Middle-of-the-Night Pvalue

Pre-sleep vs Middle-of-the-Night Pvalue

ES1 (%)

92.84 ± 0.72

94.06 ± 0.86

93.44 ± 0.86

0.594

0.617

ES2 (%)

92.27 ± 0.59

92.33 ± 0.70

92.61 ± 0.70

0.714

0.780

ES3 (%)

89.73 ± 1.29

93.22 ± 1.54

92.00 ± 1.54

0.265

0.578

ES4 (%)

76.00 ± 2.36

83.08 ± 2.81

79.39 ± 2.81

0.362

0.358

ES5 (%)

59.00 ± 3.04

65.83 ± 3.62

66.58 ± 3.62

0.117

0.884

ES6 (%)

52.31 ± 3.22

65.50 ± 3.83

60.36 ± 3.83

0.116

0.349

CES(%)

72.53 ± 1.52

79.25 ± 1.81

77.25 ± 1.81

0.053

0.439

Somatosensory Ratio (%)

99.47 ± 0.54

98.25 ± 0.64

99.25 ± 0.64

0.794

0.279

Visual Ratio (%)

81.94 ± 2.50

88.58 ± 2.98

85.17 ± 2.98

0.412

0.422

Vestibular Ratio (%)

63.71 ± 3.25

70.17 ± 3.87

71.25 ± 3.87

0.144

0.844

Preference Ratio (%)

94.41 ± 2.33

100.67 ± 2.77

95.92 ± 2.77

0.680

0.233

  1. *Scores are within normal ranges for adults ≥ 65 years old.[13, 14, 20]
  2. ES = equilibrium scores
  3. CES = composite equilibrium score