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Table 2 Hazards ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) of incident mobility impairment among those without impairment at baseline, by socioeconomic indicators

From: Socioeconomic position and incident mobility impairment in the Cardiovascular Health Study

 

Whites

Blacks

 

Women (n = 1,702)

Men (n = 1,452)

Women (n = 296)

Men (n = 234)

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Neighborhood Score*

        

1st quartile

1.23

(1.03,1.44)

1.12

(0.93, 1.35)

1.30

(1.05, 1.62)

1.15

(0.89, 1.48)

1.30

(0.84, 2.02)

1.16

(0.75, 1.80)

1.14

(0.65, 1.97)

1.01

(0.55, 1.86)

2nd quartile

1.19

(1.00, 1.42)

1.12

(0.94, 1.34)

1.28

(1.04, 1.57)

1.19

(0.95, 1.50)

1.09

(0.68, 1.76)

0.97

(0.60, 1.57)

1.05

(0.59, 1.90)

1.01

(0.55, 1.83)

3rd quartile

1.04

(0.88, 1.23)

1.01

(0.85, 1.21)

1.21

(0.98, 1.49)

1.18

(0.95, 1.47)

1.38

(0.88, 2.14)

1.34

(0.87, 2.07)

0.94

(0.54, 1.66)

0.96

(0.54, 1.71)

4th quartile

REF

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REF

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P Trend

0.009

0.21

0.01

0.38

0.41

0.38

0.63

0.80

Income

        

< $12,000

1.29

(1.01, 1.64)

1.12

(0.87, 1.45)

2.06

(1.39, 3.05)

1.92

(1.27, 2.91)

3.55

(1.68, 7.47)

3.01

(1.28, 7.10)

1.15

(0.53, 2.49)

1.10

(0.42, 2.85)

$12,000–$24,999

1.20

(1.01, 1.43)

1.07

(0.88, 1.29)

1.32

(1.06, 1.64)

1.23

(0.95, 1.60)

2.85

(1.34, 6.10)

2.61

(1.14, 5.89)

1.28

(0.70, 2.35)

1.22

(0.56, 2.64)

$25,000–$34,999

1.08

(0.90, 1.29)

1.01

(0.84, 1.21)

1.11

(0.93, 1.33)

1.06

(0.87, 1.30)

2.31

(1.02, 5.25)

2.25

(0.96, 5.28)

0.85

(0.45, 1.61)

0.85

(0.42, 1.74)

≥ $35,000

REF

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P Trend

0.01

0.38

0.0004

0.01

0.0002

0.004

0.29

0.40

Education

        

Incomplete High School

1.43

(1.17, 1.74)

1.29

(1.04, 1.60)

1.25

(1.02, 1.55)

1.07

(0.85, 1.35)

1.91

(1.18, 3.08)

1.28

(0.74, 2.21)

1.29

(0.75, 2.21)

1.12

(0.57, 2.19)

Complete High School or GED

1.28

(1.08, 1.52)

1.22

(1.02, 1.46)

1.06

(0.87, 1.27)

0.94

(0.76, 1.15)

1.35

(0.84, 2.16)

1.01

(0.61, 1.65)

0.98

(0.51, 1.89)

0.94

(0.42, 2.09)

1–3 yrs College or Vocational

1.31

(1.08, 1.60)

1.29

(1.05, 1.57)

1.07

(0.84, 1.36)

1.00

(0.78, 1.29)

1.10

(0.59, 2.04)

0.87

(0.48, 1.59)

1.15

(0.57, 2.33)

1.06

(0.46, 2.42)

4 Years College or More

REF

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REF

REF

REF

REF

P Trend

0.001

0.03

0.06

0.64

0.006

0.85

0.43

0.98

Summary SEP score (per unit change)

0.95

(0.93, 0.98)

n/a

0.95

(0.92, 0.98)

n/a

0.89

(0.82, 0.96)

n/a

0.96

(0.88, 1.05)

n/a

P Trend

0.0004

n/a

0.0009

n/a

0.002

n/a

0.37

n/a

  1. *race-specific quartiles
  2. **Model 1 adjusted for age; Model 2 adjusted for age plus all other SEP indicators