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Table 1 Characteristics of psycho-geriatric nursing home residents at baseline (n = 145) and post-intervention (n = 144)

From: Short-term effects of an educational intervention on physical restraint use: a cluster randomized trial

 

Baseline

Post-intervention

Residents' characteristics

Missing values

Experimental

(n = 83)

Control

(n = 62)

Missing values

Experimental

(n = 86)

Control

(n = 58)

Age in years (mean, SD)

0

82.4 (7.6)

82.3 (6.4)

0

81.8 (7.7)

82.7 (6.6)

Gender

0

  

0

  

   Male

 

18 (21.7%)

18 (29%)

 

23 (26.7%)

18 (31%)

   Female

 

65 (78.3%)

44 (71%)

 

63 (73.3%)

40 (69%)

Cognitive status (mean, SD)1

1

4.2 (1.7)

4.1 (1.8)

2

4.4 (1.5)*

3.3 (2.0)*

Self performance in activities of daily living2

15

3.6 (1.8)

3.5 (1.9)

13

3.7 (1.8)

3.5 (2.0)

Depression3

0

2.5 (2.5)*

1.3 (1.8)*

6

2.6 (2.5)*

0.7 (1.3)*

Social engagement4

0

1.9 (1.9)

1.3 (1.7)

1

1.4 (1.6)

1.0 (1.5)

Mobility5

3

12.0 (11.9)

12.8 (12.0)

4

12.2 (12.2)

13.2 (11.8)

Fall6

      

   Incidence

 

10 (12%)

6 (9.7%)

 

4 (4.7%)

7 (12.1%)

   Related injuries

 

9 (10.8%)

2 (3.2%)

 

2 (2.3%)

2 (3.4%)

Psychoactive drug use7

0

  

0

  

   No

 

49 (59%)

28 (45%)

 

36 (42%)

25 (43%)

   Yes

 

32 (39%)

32 (52%)

 

45 (53%)

33 (57%)

   When necessary

 

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

 

2 (2%)

0 (0%)

   Yes and when necessary

 

2 (2%)

2 (3%)

 

2 (2%)

0 (0%)

  1. *Indicates statistically significant difference between experimental and control group tested with chi-square test or an independent-samples t-test, P-value ≤ 0.05
  2. 1Cognitive scores from MDS Cognitive performance scale, range 0–6; score 0 = Intact, 1 = Borderline intact, 2 = Mild impairment, 3 = Moderate impairment, 4 = Moderate severe impairment, 5 = Severe impairment, 6 = Very severe impairment
  3. 2Self-performance level from MDS ADL Self-performance hierarchy, range 0–6; score 0 = Independent, 1 = Supervision, 2 = Limited, 3 = Extensive 1, 4 = Extensive 2, 5 = Dependent, 6 = Total dependency
  4. 3Depression level from MDS Depression rating scale, range 0–14; scores ≥ 3 indicate symptoms of depressions
  5. 4Social engagement level from MDS Social engagement scale, range 0–6; score 0 indicates low social engagement, score 6 indicates high social engagement
  6. 5Mobility level from 7 items of the Minimum Data Set, range 0–28; score 0 indicates independent, score 28 indicates total dependency
  7. 6Fall incidence and fall-related injuries from items of the Accident Registration Form
  8. 7Psycho-active drug use from items of the Minimum Data Set