Table 3 Results of Multilevel analyses regarding the effect of strength training, functional training and the combined training on perceived health, quality of life, vitality and depression of elderly living in long-term care facilities (N = 173)

-0.32 [-0.69;0.04]

-0.21 [-0.57;0.14;]

-0.50 [-0.85;-0.14]*

-0.35 [-0.72;0.02]

-0.24 [-0.60;0.12]

-0.52 [-0.88;-0.16]*

-0.13 [-0.26;-0.004]*

-0.12 [-0.24;0.01]

-0.18 [-0.30;-0.05]*

-0.14 [-0.27;0.01]

-0.12 [-0.25;0.003]

-0.20 [-0.33;-0.08]*

-0.30 [-0.59;-0.01]*

-0.25 [-0.53;0.03]

-0.29 [-0.57;-0.01]*

-0.31 [-0.59;-0.02]*

-0.24 [-0.52;0.04]

-0.30 [-0.58;-0.02]*

-0.22 [-0.46;0.01]

-0.16 [-0.38;0.07]

-0.18 [-0.40;0.05]

-0.23 [-0.46;0.004]

-0.17 [-0.40;0.05]

-0.21 [-0.43;0.02]

-0.02 [-0.19;0.16]

-0.10 [-0.27;0.06]

-0.13 [-0.29;0.04]

-0.02 [-0.19;0.15]

-0.10 [-0.26;0.06]

-0.14 [-0.30;0.03]

-0.01 [-0.21;0.18]

-0.05 [-0.23;0.14]

-0.12 [-0.31;0.07]

-0.05 [-0.24;0.14]

-0.07 [-0.25;0.12]

-0.17 [-0.35;0.02]

-0.11 [-0.32;0.10]

-0.02 [-0.22;0.18]

-0.19 [-0.39;0.02]

-0.13 [-0.33;0.08]

-0.05 [-0.24;0.15]

-0.24 [-0.44;-0.04]*

0.83 [-1.23;2.89]

0.53 [-1.47;2.52]

-1.66 [-3.65;0.33]

0.51 [-1.55;2.57]

0.38 [-1.60;2.35]

-2.06 [-4.05;-0.07]*

-0.004 [-1.33;1.32]

-0.40 [-1.67;0.88]

0.24 [-1.03;1.52]

0.09 [-1.25;1.42]

-0.37 [-1.65;0.90]

0.34 [-0.95;1.63]