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Table 1 Background characteristics

From: Symptom burden in community-dwelling older people with multimorbidity: a cross-sectional study

 

N = 378

Age (yrs.), mean (SD)

82 (4.8)

Women n (%)

182 (48)

Lived alone n (%)

193 (51)

Elementary school n (%)

305 (81)

Secondary school or higher education n (%)

68 (18)

Poor hearing with or without hearing device. n (%)

130 (34)

Poor vision with or without glasses. n (%)

104 (28)

Smokers n (%)

32 (8)

Alcohol on daily basis. n (%)

27 (7)

BMI (kg/m2) mean (SD)

26.1 (4.6)

Underweight (BMI < 18.5) n (%)

8 (2)

Normal (BMI 18.5 ≤ 24.9) n (%)

145 (38)

Overweight (BMI 25 ≤ 29.9) n (%)

140 (37)

Obese (BMI > 30) n (%)

60 (16)

MMSE mean (SD)

26.3 (3.2)

MMSE 20–24 n (%)

65 (17)

MMSE 10-19n (%)

12 (3)

MMSE ≤ 9 n (%)

0

GDS mean (SD)

3.7 (3.0)

GDS ≥5 n (%)

120 (32)

Diagnosis according to ICD 10 Chapter

 

01. Certain infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99) n (%)

166 (44)

02. Neoplasma (C00-D48) n (%)

158 (42)

03. Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism (D50-D89) n (%)

116 (31)

04. Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90) n (%)

187 (50)

05. Mental and behavioral disorders (F00-F99) n (%)

127 (33)

06. Diseases of the nervous system (G00-G99) n (%)

130 (34)

07. Diseases of the eye and adnexa (H00-H59) n (%)

219 (58)

08. Diseases of the ear and mastoid process (H60-H95) n (%)

142 (37)

09. Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99) n (%)

362 (96)

10. Diseases of the respiratory system (J00-J99) n (%)

210 (55)

11. Diseases of the digestive system (K00-K93) n (%)

206 (54)

12. Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00-L99) n (%)

164 (43)

13. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99) n (%)

295 (78)

  1. Abbreviations: BMI Body Mass Index, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, GDS-15 Geriatric Depression Scale, ICD International Classification of Diseases.