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Table 3 Bivariate and multivariate analyses of disability and self-perceived economic situation of the household

From: Perceived economic situation, but not education level, is associated with disability prevalence in the Spanish elderly: observational study

Some difficulty in ADLs

Bivariate models

Model adjusted for age and gender

Full multivariable model

Reduced multivariable model adjusted for disposition

Reduced multivariable model adjusted for disposition, smoking and drinking

 

OR

CI 95%

p

OR

CI 95%

p

OR

CI 95%

p

OR

CI 95%

p

OR

CI 95%

p

For each additional year of age

1.10

(1.06-1.14)

<0.001

   

1.10

(1.06-1.15)

<0.001

1.10

(1.06-1.15)

<0.001

1.10

(1.06-1.15)

<0.001

Women (ref. men)

2.96

(1.69-5.17)

<0.001

   

2.87

(1.56-5.31)

0.001

2.85

(1.58-5.16)

0.001

3.32

(1.51-7.28)

0.001

Primary school (ref. less than primary)

0.59

(0.32-1.11)

0.011

0.80

(0.40-1.59)

0.217

0.83

(0.40-1.69)

0.462

      

Secondary school (ref. less than primary)

0.46

(0.19-1.09)

0.69

(0.29-1.65)

0.89

(0.37-2.17)

      

University (ref. less than primary)

0.22

(0.09-0.56)

0.35

(0.13-0.93)

0.47

(0.18-1.23)

      

Household economic situation score below 6 (ref. equals or above 6)

3.40

(2.11-5.49)

<0.001

3.60

(2.18-5.93)

<0.001

3.37

(2.04-5.56)

<0.001

3.25

(1.93-5.47)

<0.001

3.30

(1.92-5.68)

<0.001

Bad disposition (ref. good)

2.60

(1.54-4.49)

<0.001

      

2.13

(1.15-3.95)

0.017

2.38

(1.24-4.56)

0.009

Former smokers (ref. never smokers)

0.60

(0.32-1.13)

0.051

         

1.33

(0.56-3.12)

0.233

Current smokers (ref. never smokers)

0.23

(0.05-0.97)

         

0.40

(0.09-1.82)

Drinkers above risk levels (ref. below)

0.91

(0.28-2.91)

<0.001

         

2.23

(0.65-7.66)

<0.001

Former drinkers (ref. below risk levels)

4.18

(2.18-7.99)

         

4.80

(2.17-10.63)

Model p value

     

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

Hosmer & Lemeshow p value

        

0.510

  

0.405

  

0.308

  1. n = 697. CI: Confidence interval. ADL: Activities of daily living. Ref: Reference category.