Relationship of perceived environmental barriers and disability in community-dwelling elderly in Taiwan – a population-based study

Table 3 Associations between each subscale of the perceived environment barriers and BADL/IADL disability

	BADL disability		IADL with difficulty in 1–2 tasks		IADL with difficulty in more than 2 tasks
	Adjusted OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI
Service/Assistance
No(ref)	1.00	0.24-6.78	1.00	0.17-4.64	1.00	0.12-4.81
Yes	1.27		0.90		0.75
Physical/Structural
No(ref)	1.00	1.01-23.86	1.00	1.27-16.76	1.00	2.82-103.30
Yes	4.90*		4.61*		17.05**
Attitude/Support
No(ref)	1.00	0.26-3.98	1.00	0.84-12.99	1.00	0.33-6.51
Yes	1.02		3.30		1.46
Policies
No(ref)	1.00	0.51-3.39	1.00	0.60-5.17	1.00	0.64-6.43
Yes	1.32		1.76		2.03

*p < .05; **p < .01.
In the subscale of Service/Assistance, the definition of reference group was participants who perceived no Service/Assistance environmental barriers (services and assistance barriers score = 0). In the Physical/Structural subscale, the definition of reference group was participants who perceived no Physical/Structural environmental barriers (physical and structural barriers score = 0). In the subscale of Attitude/Support, the definition of reference group was participants who perceived no Attitude/Support environmental barriers (attitude and support barriers score = 0). In the subscale of Policies, the definition of reference group was participants who perceived no Policies environmental barriers (policy barriers score = 0).
Greater odds ratios (OR) represent higher likelihood of disability. Adjusted for age, gender, education, living arrangement, financial status, GDS, SRH and TUG.

ISSN: 1471-2318