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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the participants included in these analyses at this study’s baseline

From: Harm avoidance is associated with progression of parkinsonism in community-dwelling older adults: a prospective cohort study

Variable

Mean (SD) or N (%)

 Age (years)

80.4(7.42)

  Sex (female)

733(75.6%)

 Education (years)

14.6(3.09)

 BMI*

27.4 (5.37)

 Global cognition*

0.2 (0.51)

 Depressive symptoms*

1.1 (1.61)

 Loneliness*

2.2 (0.59)

 Neuroticism*

14.7 (7.08)

Chronic medical conditions

 

 Vascular risk factors*

1.1 (0.81)

  Smoking

398 (41.1%)

  Diabetes

151 (15.6%)

  Hypertension

560 (57.8%)

 Vascular diseases*

0.4 (0.71)

  Myocardial infarction

109 (11.3%)

  Congestive heart failure

56 (6.3%)

  Claudication

107 (11.0%)

  Stroke

102 (11.6%)

 Parkinson’s disease

13 (1.4%)

Late-life activities

 

 Physical activity*

3.3 (3.86)

 Cognitive activity*

3.2 (0.67)

 Social activity*

2.6 (0.58)

  1. *BMI: Body mass index: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Global Cognition: composite measure of 19 tests. Depressive Symptoms: Modified 10 item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, a higher score indicates greater depressive symptomatology. Loneliness: Loneliness was assessed with a 5-item form of the deJong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Neuroticism: was measured with the standard 48-item scale from the NEO Personality Inventory. Vascular Risk Factors: sum of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension self-reported. Vascular Diseases: sum of myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, claudication and stroke self-reported. Physical Activity: Self-reported frequency of participation in 5 physical activities (hours/week), a higher score indicates more frequent participation. Cognitive Activity: Self reported frequency of participation in 7 cognitive activities, a higher score indicates more frequent participation. Social Activity: Self-reported frequency of participation in 6 items about activities involving social interaction, a higher score indicates more frequent participation.
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BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

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