Table 3 Numbers of recognized prohibited physical restraints and harmful effects, and importance ratings of reasons for requiring physical restraints

5.33 ± 3.56 (5) (5.11-5.55)

7.02 ± 3.02 (8) (6.84-7.21)

2.94 ± 0.79 (3.00) (2.89-2.99)

3.86 ± 3.34 (3) (3.56-4.17)

5.88 ± 3.30 (6) (5.58-6.18)

3.21 ± 0.78 (3.25) (3.14-3.29)

6.57 ± 3.27 (7) (56.29-6.85)

8.00 ± 2.35 (9) (7.80-8.20)

2.72 ± 0.72 (2.75) (2.66-2.78)

6.29 ± 3.32 (6) (5.81-6.76)

7.81 ± 2.50 (8.5) (7.45-8.16)

2.88 ± 0.69 (2.94) (2.78-2.98)

5.85 ± 3.21 (5) (5.11-6.59)

7.85 ± 2.23 (8) (7.34-8.35)

2.84 ± 0.62 (2.81) (2.69-2.98)

5.19 ± 2.92 (5) (4.68-5.71)

7.20 ± 2.74 (8) (6.72-7.68)

2.74 ± 0.75 (2.81) (2.61-2.88)

8.44 ± 2.65 (9) (8.01-8.86)

8.99 ± 1.36 (10) (8.78-9.21)

2.44 ± 0.70 (2.31) (2.32-2.55)

< .001

< .001

< .001