11 Physical restraint procedures prohibited in facilities | |
  P1 | Tying a person to a wheelchair/bed to prevent wandering |
  P2 | Tying a person to a bed for fall prevention |
  P3 | Using siderails to keep a person in bed |
  P4 | Tying limbs to prevent a person from pulling out IV/feeding tubes |
  P5 | Applying mittens to prevent a person from pulling out IV/feeding tubes or tearing skin |
  P6 | Restricting a person with belts or tray tables to prevent sliding or rising from a (wheel)chair |
  P7 | Using a chair to prevent a person from being able to stand up |
  P8 | Using overalls over clothing to impede removal of clothes/diapers |
  P9 | Tying a person to a bed to prevent them from causing trouble to others |
  P10 | Giving an overdose of psychotropic drugs to reduce excitement |
  P11 | Locking a person in a room |
10 Harmful effects of physical restraints | |
  H1 | Muscle weakness, joint contracture, pressure ulcer |
  H2 | Reduced appetite, cardiopulmonary function, or immunity |
  H3 | Falling by standing up from a wheelchair fixed with a device |
  H4 | Falling down by climbing over bed rails |
  H5 | Suffocation by restraining devices |
  H6 | Anxiety and aggression, feelings of shame, disillusionment, loss of motivation, and self-respect |
  H7 | Progression of dementia and becoming more susceptible to delirium |
  H8 | Family feelings of regret and guilt |
  H9 | Further medical treatment and economic burden |
  H10 | Vicious cycle of physical restraints as a result of declining strength, worsening dementia, delirium, and physical restraint-induced falls |
17 Reasons for requiring physical restraints | |
  R1a | Protecting an older person from falling out of bed |
  R1b | Protecting an older person from falling out of a chair |
  R1c | Protecting an older person from falling due to unsafe ambulation |
  R2 | Preventing an older person from wandering |
  R3 | Preventing an older person from taking things from others |
  R4 | Preventing an older person from getting into dangerous places or supplies |
  R5 | Keeping a confused older person from bothering others |
  R6a | Preventing an older person from pulling out a catheter |
  R6b | Preventing an older person from pulling out a feeding tube |
  R6c | Preventing an older person from pulling out an intravenous tube |
  R6d | Preventing an older person from breaking open sutures |
  R6e | Preventing an older person from removing a dressing |
  R7 | Providing quiet time or rest for an overactive older person |
  R8 | Providing for safety when judgment is impaired |
  R9 | Insufficient staff to observe patients |
  R10 | Protecting staff or other patients from physical abuse/combativeness |
  R11 | Management of agitation |