Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics
|  | All patients (N = 766) | Patients analyzed | Patients not analyzed (n = 267) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  |  | HVN and control groups (n = 499) | HVN group (n = 237) | Control group (n = 262) |  |
Sociodemographics | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age, mean (SD) | 77.7 (11.4) | 76.8 (11.8) | 77.0 (10.9) | 76.7 (12.5) | 79.3 (10.7) |
Female, n (%) | 527 (68.8) | 349 (69.9) | 166 (70.0) | 183 (69.8) | 178 (66.7) |
Nonwhite, n (%) | 25 (3.3) | 14 (2.8) | 6 (2.5) | 8 (3.0) | 11 (4.1) |
Annual household income | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  ≤ $10,000, n (%) | 255 (33.3) | 170 (34.1) | 83 (35.0) | 87 (33.2) | 85 (31.8) |
  $10,000-$19,999, n (%) | 261 (34.1) | 166 (33.3) | 76 (32.1) | 90 (34.4) | 95 (35.6) |
  $20,000-$29,999, n (%) | 141 (18.4) | 90 (18.0) | 45 (19.0) | 45 (17.2) | 51 (19.1) |
  $30,000+ | 109 (14.2) | 73 (14.6) | 33 (13.9) | 40 (15.3) | 36 (13.5) |
Married, n (%) | 316 (41.2) | 213 (42.7) | 96 (40.5) | 117 (44.7) | 103 (38.6) |
No high school diploma, n (%) | 292 (38.1) | 185 (37.1) | 96 (40.5) | 89 (34.0) | 107 (40.1) |
New York site, n (%) | 515 (67.2) | 330 (66.1) | 156 (65.8) | 174 (66.4) | 185 (69.3) |
Activities of daily living | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Any difficulty | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Bathing | 434 (56.6) | 258 (51.7) | 122 (51.5) | 136 (51.9) | 176 (65.9) |
Dressing | 380 (49.6) | 222 (44.5) | 105 (44.3) | 117 (44.7) | 158 (59.2) |
Eating | 151 (19.7) | 80 (16.0) | 45 (19.0) | 35 (13.4) | 71 (26.6) |
Toileting | 229 (29.9) | 128 (25.6) | 65 (27.4) | 63 (24.0) | 101 (37.8) |
Transferring | 462 (60.3) | 292 (58.5) | 145 (61.2) | 147 (56.1) | 170 (63.7) |
Walking | 608 (79.4) | 389 (78.0) | 186 (78.5) | 203 (77.5) | 219 (82.0) |
Any dependence | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Bathing | 301 (39.3) | 161 (32.3) | 76 (32.1) | 85 (32.4) | 140 (52.4) |
Dressing | 237 (30.9) | 127 (25.4) | 57 (24.0) | 70 (26.7) | 110 (41.2) |
Eating | 163 (21.3) | 79 (15.8) | 37 (15.6) | 42 (16.0) | 84 (31.5) |
Toileting | 92 (12.0) | 40 (8.0) | 16 (6.8) | 24 (9.2) | 52 (19.5) |
Transferring | 297 (38.8) | 181 (36.3) | 75 (31.6) | 106 (40.5) | 116 (43.4) |
Walking | 475 (62.0) | 293 (58.7) | 138 (58.2) | 155 (59.2) | 182 (68.2) |
Health status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Number of chronic conditions, mean (SD) | 4.4 (2.2) | 4.3 (2.2) | 4.5 (2.4) | 4.2 (2.1) | 4.4 (2.1) |
Cognitive Performance Scale score, mean (SD) | 1.2 (1.4) | 1.0 (1.2) | 1.0 (1.1) | 1.1 (1.2) | 1.5 (1.6) |
SF-36 domains | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  General health perceptions, mean (SD) | 44.8 (21.3) | 45.8 (21.4) | 44.2 (20.7) | 47.3 (21.9) | 43.0 (21.0) |
  Mental health index (MHI-5), mean (SD) | 61.9 (16.4) | 61.6 (16.5) | 62.0 (15.2) | 61.2 (17.5) | 62.6 (16.4) |
  Pain, mean (SD) | 50.7 (21.0) | 51.2 (27.0) | 51.0 (27.1) | 51.3 (26.8) | 49.7 (27.2) |
Lifestyle | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Physical activity days per week, mean (SD) | 3.9 (3.2) | 4.1 (3.1) | 4.3 (3.0) | 4.0 (3.1) | 3.4 (3.3) |
Lives alone | 280 (36.6) | 182 (36.5) | 93 (39.2) | 89 (34.0) | 98 (36.7) |
Health insurance | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Medicare supplemental insurance | 545 (71.2) | 353 (70.7) | 168 (70.9) | 185 (70.6) | 192 (71.9) |
Medicaid | 85 (11.1) | 53 (10.6) | 22 (9.3) | 31 (11.8) | 32 (12.0) |
Health maintenance organization | 82 (10.7) | 53 (10.6) | 22 (9.3) | 31 (11.8) | 29 (10.9) |