Table 2 General characteristics of older study participants by gender

Sample size (no.)

1872

2541

Weighted size (no.)

2152083

3126111

Education

None

4.0 (0.6)

17.6 (1.2)

Elementary school

24.1 (1.4)

45.3 (1.3)

Middle school

29.1 (1.4)

26.7 (1.2)

High school

20.3 (1.2)

6.6 (0.6)

Over college grade

22.5 (1.4)

3.8 (0.5)

Family income

1st quartile

53.9 (1.2)

56.8 (1.4)

2nd quartile

23.1 (0.8)

20.5 (1.0)

3rd quartile

13.0 (0.8)

12.7 (0.9)

4th quartile

9.9 (0.8)

10.0 (0.9)

BMI (kg/m²)

Underweight (<18.5)

6.1 (0.7)

3.9 (0.5)

Normal weight (18.5-22.9)

43.5 (1.5)

33.8 (1.2)

Overweight (23.0-27.4)

42.8 (1.4)

47.6 (1.3)

Obese (>27.5)

7.5 (0.8)

14.7 (0.8)

Smoking

Never Smoking (<100 cigarettes in life)

17.9 (1.0)

85.8 (0.9)

Passive smoking (>1 hour/day)

0.6 (0.2)

2.8 (0.4)

Former smoker

27.8 (1.4)

2.4 (0.5)

Current Smoker

53.7 (1.5)

9.0 (0.7)

Audit-K

Normal

70.5 (1.5)

92.8 (0.8)

harmful alcohol consumption

22.4 (1.2)

4.6 (0.7)

suggestive of alcohol dependence

7.1 (0.9)

2.6 (0.5)

Chronic illness

Cancer

6.4 (0.7)

5.8 (0.6)

Diabetes

16.3 (0.9)

18.1 (1.0)

Hypertension

41.4 (1.4)

54.4 (1.3)

Stroke

7.3 (0.7)

4.2 (0.4)

Coronary artery disease

6.3 (0.6)

5.2 (0.5)

Arthritis

13.9 (1.0)

44.9 (1.2)

Chronic Pulmonary Disease

6.0 (0.6)

6.7 (0.6)

Depression

2.3 (0.4)

6.2 (0.6)

Chronic renal failure

0.6 (0.2)

0.6 (0.1)

Chronic hepatitis/Liver cirrhosis

2.5 (0.4)

1.2 (0.3)

No. of chronic illness

1.03 (0.98-1.09)

1.47 (1.42-1.53)