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Table 4 Knee extension strength and coordinated stability between-gender differences adjusting for cognition and age

From: Most functional outcomes are similar for men and women after hip fracture: a secondary analysis of the enhancing mobility after hip fracture trial

 

Baseline (n = 160)

Week 4 (n = 158)

Week 4-baseline (n = 158)

Week 16 (n = 150)

Week 16-baseline (n = 150)

Knee extensor strength, kg

 Cognition

-1.0 (-2.1 to 0.1), 0.073

-1.0 (-2.3 to 0.3), 0.137

-0.6 (-1.9 to 0.6), 0.322

-1.1 (-2.7 to 0.5), 0.180

-0.6 (-2.2 to 0.9), 0.417

 Cognition controlling for  gender

-0.9 (-2.0 to 0.2), 0.108

-0.8 (-2.1 to 0.5), 0.244

-0.5 (-1.7 to 0.8), 0.468

-0.9 (-2.5 to 0.7), 0.245

-0.5 (-2.1 to 1.0), 0.493

 Gender controlling for  cognition and age

0.9 (-0.5 to 2.2), 0.216

1.9 (0.3 to 3.5), 0.018

1.6 (0.09 to 3.1), 0.038

1.4 (-0.5 to 3.4), 0.154

1.0 (-0.9 to 2.9), 0.287

Coordinated stability

 Cognition

6.4 (0.4 to 12.3), 0.036

11.7 (5.5 to 17.9), 0.000

7.4 (2.6 to 12.1), 0.003

9.0 (2.4 to 15.5), 0.008

4.9 (-0.6 to 10.4), 0.080

 Age

0.6 (0.3 to 1.0), 0.001

0.9 (0.5 to 1.2), 0.000

0.4 (0.1 to 0.7), 0.006

0.7 (0.4 to 1.1), 0.000

0.4 (0.03 to 0.7), 0.035

 Cognition controlling for  gender

5.9 (-0.07 to 11.9), 0.053

10.8 (4.7 to 17.0), 0.001

6.8 (2.1 to 11.6), 0.005

8.2 (1.7 to 14.7), 0.014

4.5 (-1.0 to 10.0), 0.105

 Age controlling for  gender

0.6 (0.3 to 1.0), 0.001

0.8 (0.4 to 1.2), 0.000

0.4 (0.09 to 0.7), 0.011

0.7 (0.3 to 1.1), 0.001

0.3 (-0.003 to 0.7), 0.052

 Gender controlling for  cognition

-3.8 (-11.1 to 3.5), 0.304

-8.3 (-15.7 to -0.8), 0.029

-5.7 (-11.3 to -0.08), 0.047

-9.1 (-17.2 to -1.0), 0.029

-5.8 (-12.6 to 1.1), 0.097

 Gender controlling for  age

-3.1 (-10.2 to 4.0), 0.387

-7.9 (-15.2 to -0.6), 0.034

-5.8 (-11.5 to -0.2), 0.043

-8.2 (-16.2 to -0.2), 0.045

-5.5 (-12.4 to 1.3), 0.112

 Gender controlling for  cognition and age

-2.5 (-9.6 to 4.6), 0.488

-6.7 (-13.8 to 0.5), 0.066

-5.1 (-10.7 to 0.5), 0.073

-7.5 (-15.5 to 0.4), 0.063

-5.2 (-12.0 to 1.6), 0.135

  1. Bold indicates statistical significance p < 0.05; cognition output from univariate model with cognition as the predictor; age output from univariate model with age as the predictor; cognition controlling for gender, age controlling for gender, gender controlling for cognition, gender controlling for age, and gender controlling for cognition and age outputs from multivariate model with cognition, gender and age as predictors.