Table 2 Characteristics of bisphosphonate exposure cohort stratified by upper gastrointestinal bleeding status a
| Â | UGIB | NoUGIB | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
n = 117 (0.4) | n = 26 106 (99.6) | N = 26 223 | |
Age (y) b | |||
 ≤ 80 | 47 (40.2) | 15,213 (58.3) | 15,260 (58.2) |
 > 80 | 70 (59.8) | 10,893 (41.7) | 10,963 (41.8) |
mean ± SD | 81.8 ± 6.9 | 78.8 ± 6.9 | 78.8 ± 6.9 |
Sex c | |||
 Female | 96 (82.1) | 23,030 (88.2) | 23,126 (88.2) |
 Male | 21 (17.9) | 2,934 (11.2) | 2,955 (11.3) |
 Unknown | 0 | 142 (0.5) | 142 (0.5) |
Comorbid conditions c | |||
 None | 6 (5.1) | 1,936 (7.4) | 1,942 (7.4) |
 1 – 3 | 26 (22.2) | 6,490 (24.9) | 6,516 (24.8) |
 4 - 6 | 66 (56.4) | 13,256 (50.8) | 13,322 (50.8) |
 7 - 15 | 19 (16.2) | 4,424 (16.9) | 4,443 (16.9) |
mean ± SD | 4.77 ± 2.1 | 4.41 ± 2.2 | 4.41 ± 2.2 |
Comorbid conditions (by diagnosis) | |||
 Cancer c | 44 (37.6) | 9,056 (34.7) | 9,100 (34.7) |
 Cerebrovascular disease c | 30 (25.6) | 5,324 (20.4) | 5,354 (20.4) |
 Diabetes c | 16 (13.7) | 4,269 (16.4) | 4,285 (16.3) |
 Cardiovascular disease b | 91 (77.8) | 16,542 (63.4) | 16,633 (63.4) |
 Hypertension c | 84 (71.8) | 17,437 (66.8) | 17,521 (66.8) |
 Osteoporosis c | 27 (23.1) | 7,354 (28.2) | 7,381 (28.1) |
 Osteoarthritis c | 66 (56.4) | 14,954 (57.3) | 15,020 (57.3) |
 Rheumatoid arthritis c | 11 (9.4) | 3,481 (13.3) | 3,492 (13.3) |
 Neurotic disorder c | 52 (44.4) | 9,941 (38.1) | 9,993 (38.1) |
 Depression / psychosis c | 60 (51.3) | 12,403 (47.5) | 12,463 (47.5) |
 Dementia c | 27 (23.1) | 5,050 (19.3) | 5,077 (19.4) |
 Incontinence c | 48 (41.0) | 9,473 (36.3) | 9,521 (36.3) |
 Parkinson’s c | 2 (1.7) | 835 (3.2) | 837 (3.2) |
 COPD c | 38 (32.5) | 7,910 (30.3) | 7,948 (30.3) |
 Asthma c | 16 (13.7) | 3,533 (13.5) | 3,549 (13.5) |
Past history of gastric ulcer disease b | |||
 No | 93 (79.5) | 23,374 (89.5) | 23,467 (89.5) |
 Yes | 24 (20.5) | 2,732 (10.5) | 2,756 (10.5) |
Past history of serious GI bleeding (requiring hospital stay) b | |||
 No | 103 (88.0) | 24,895 (95.4) | 24,998 (95.3) |
 Yes | 14 (12.0) | 1,211 (4.6) | 1,225 (4.7) |
NSAIDs (oral) d | |||
 No concurrent use | 107 ( 91.5) | 21,342 (81.8) | 21,449 (81.8) |
 Concurrent use | 10 (8.5) | 4,764 (18.2) | 4,774 (18.2) |
Anti-platelet / anti-coagulant prescription drugs (oral) c | |||
 No concurrent use | 104 (88.9) | 22,751 (87.1) | 22,855 (87.2) |
 Concurrent use | 13 (11.1) | 3,355 (12.9) | 3,368 (12.8) |
Proton pump inhibitors b | Â | Â | Â |
 No concurrent use | 83 (70.9) | 21,725 (83.2) | 21,808 (83.2) |
 Concurrent use | 34 (29.1) | 4,381 (16.8) | 4,415 (16.8) |