Long-term morbidities in stroke survivors: a prospective multicenter study of Thai stroke rehabilitation registry

BMC Geriatrics

Table 2 The common stroke-related complications at month-12 compared at discharge period

Complications at discharge	Number	Complications at month-12		p-value^#
		Yes	No
Overall complications	198
Yes		113 (57.1%)	31 (15.6%)	0.403
No		39 (19.7%)	15 (7.6%)
Musculoskeletal pain	201
Yes		35 (17.4%)	19 (9.5%)	< 0.001*
No		67 (33.3%)	80 (39.8%)
Shoulder pain	201
Yes		17 (8.5%)	22 (10.9%)	0.001*
No		51 (25.4%)	111 (55.2%)
Neuropathic pain	196
Yes		0 (0.0%)	7 (3.6%)	1.000
No		6 (3.0%)	183 (93.4%)
Limb spasticity^a: ≥ grade 3	191
Yes		4 (2.1%)	19 (10.0%)	0.119
No		31 (16.2%)	137 (71.7%)
Shoulder subluxation^b:	199
Yes		9 (4.7%)	14 (7.3%)	< 0.001*
No		47 (24.6%)	121 (63.4%)
Anxiety: score ≥ 11	171
Yes		2 (1.2%)	6 (3.5%)	0.023*
No		18 (10.5%)	145 (84.8%)
Depression: score ≥ 11	170
Yes		8 (4.7%)	17 (10.0%)	0.135
No		28 (16.5%)	117 (68.8%)
Dysphagia	202
Yes		3 (1.5%)	26 (12.9%)	< 0.001*
No		4 (2.0%)	169 (83.6%)
Urinary incontinence	202
Yes		8 (4.0%)	38 (18.8%)	0.036*
No		21 (10.4%)	135 (66.8%)
Pressure ulcer	196
Yes		–	5 (2.6%)	1.000
No		5 (2.6%)	186 (94.8%)
DVT	197
Yes		–	1 (0.5%)	1.000
No		–	196 (99.5%)
Infection	199
Yes		1 (0.5%)	26 (13.1%)	< 0.001*
No		2 (1.0%)	170 (85.4%)
Joint contracture^c	191	30 (15.7%)	161 (84.3%)
- Shoulder		20 (10.5%)	171 (89.5%)
- Hip		3 (1.6%)	188 (98.4%)
- Knee		8 (4.2%)	183 (95.8%)
- Ankle		10 (5.2%)	181 (94.8%)

^# Data were analyzed using McNemar Chi-square test.
^a Spasticity was evaluated by the Modified Ashworth Scale¹² Grade 1: slight increase in muscle tone, minimal resistance at the end of range of motion when the affected part is moved. Grade 1+: slight increase in muscle tone, minimal resistance throughout the remainder (less than half) of the range of motion. Grade 2: more marked increase in muscle tone through most of the ROM. Grade 3: considerable increase in muscle tone, passive movement difficult. Grade 4: affected part rigid in flexion or extension.
^b Shoulder subluxation was categorized according to the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, 2001.¹³ Grade 1 (mild): severity of symptoms less than 25%. Grade 2 (moderate): symptoms less than 50%. Grade 3 (severe): symptoms more than 50%. Grade 4 (very severe): symptoms more than 95%.
^c There was no contracture at discharge.

ISSN: 1471-2318