Figure 1

Percent improvement in verbal memory performance over CR in low (bottom 50%) and high (top 50%) ceramide groups. In a repeated measures model, significant within subjects effects (F_1,29 = 5.30, p = 0.03; left panel) indicated less improvement in verbal memory performance over 1 year in subjects with high C22:0 concentrations (red) compared those with low C22:0 concentrations (blue). Less improvement in verbal memory performance over 1 year (F_1,29 = 4.04, p = 0.05; right panel) was also found in subjects with high C24:0 concentrations (red) compared to those with low C24:0 concentrations (blue). No significant between-subjects effects were found.