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Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression of the association between perceived social support and social networks with poor self-rated health in women, controlling for covariates

From: Gender differences in the association of perceived social support and social network with self-rated health status among older adults: a population-based study in Brazil

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

Model 6

 

OR 95% CI

OR 95% CI

OR 95% CI

OR 95% CI

OR 95% CI

OR 95% CI

1st Block - Social support and social network

      

Perceived social support

      

People to count on

      

  Yes

1

1

1

1

1

1

  No

1.85 (1.46 – 2.33)*

1.74 (1.38 – 2.19)†

1.68 (1.20 - 2.34)†

1.65 (1.19 - 2.30)†

1.69 (1.23 - 2.34)†

1.64 (1.16 - 2.34)*

Social networks

      

Participation in group activities

      

  Yes

1

1

1

1

1

1

  No

1.10 (0.89 – 1.37)

1.15 (0.94 – 1.41)

1.17 (0.89 – 1.55)

1.13 (0.86 – 1.48)

1.10 (0.83 – 1.45)

1.04 (0.77 – 1.39)

Received visits/have visited someone

      

  1 to 3 times a week/almost every day

1

1

1

1

1

1

  Once every 15 days

1.18 (0.84 – 1.66)

1.27 (0.96 – 1.68)

1.21 (0.84 – 1.73)

1.23 (0.86 – 1.76)

1.28 (0.87 – 1.87)

1.22 (0.82 – 1.82)

  Once a month

1.15 (0.76 – 1.73)

1.21 (0.93 – 1.58)

0.98 (0.69 – 1.39)

0.98 (0.68 – 1.43)

0.95 (0.65 – 1.41)

1.01 (0.68 – 1.50)

  None in the last 30 days

1.40 (1.01 – 1.94)*

1.46 (1.06 – 2.02)*

1.35 (0.86 – 2.12)

1.33 (0.84 – 2.11)

1.24 (0.76 – 2.02)

1.38 (0.83 – 2.29)

2nd Block - Demographic

      

Age group (years)

      

  60 - 69

 

1

1

1

1

1

  70 - 79

 

0.93 (0.78 – 1.11)

0.87 (0.67 – 1.14)

0.86 (0.66 – 1.13)

0.92 (0.69 – 1.22)

0.73 (0.54 – 0.99)*

  ≥ 80

 

1.08 (0.81 – 1.44)

0.99 (0.66 – 1.47)

0.95 (0.64 – 1.42)

0.89 (0.57 – 1.38)

0.82 (0.54 – 1.24)

3rd Block - Socioeconomic characteristics

      

Years of schooling

      

  9 years or more

  

1

1

1

1

  5-8 years

  

0.93 (0.64 – 1.36)

0.90 (0.61 – 1.31)

0.85 (0.56 – 1.28)

0.80 (0.53 – 1.20)

  1-4 years

  

1.11 (0.78 – 1.57)

1.08 (0.76 – 1.53)

1.08 (0.74 – 1.58)

0.90 (0.61 – 1.33)

  No formal education

  

0.70 (0.39 – 1.28)

0.65 (0.35 – 1.20)

0.57 (0.31 – 1.05)

0.52 (0.23 – 1.17)

Income level†

      

  3.1 and over 1

  

1

1

1

1

  1.0-3.0

  

1.92 (1.31 – 2.81)†

1.89 (1.29 – 2.78)†

1.91 (1.22 – 2.99)†

2.06 (1.32 – 3.19)*

  Up to 1.0

  

2.20 (1.49 – 3.26)†

2.09 (1.43 – 3.07)†

2.07 (1.35 – 3.17)†

2.32 (1.45 – 3.73)*

Employment status (working)

      

  Yes

  

1

1

1

1

  No

  

2.00 (1.45 - 2.76)†

2.03 (1.46 - 2.83)†

2.02 (1.41 – 2.87)†

1.77 (1.21 - 2.59)*

4th Block - Health-related behaviours

      

Regular physical activities‡

      

  Yes

   

1

1

1

  No

   

1.41 (1.06 - 1.87)*

1.37 (1.01 - 1.85)*

1.21 (0.90 - 1.65)

5th Block - Use of health services

      

Health insurance

      

  Yes

    

1

 

  No

    

1.25 (0.84 – 1.87)

 

Use of health services

      

  Private

    

1

 

  Public

    

0.89 (0.59 – 1.36)

 

6th Block - Functional status and somatic health problems

      

Functional status measures§

      

  Independent (ADL/IADL = 0)

     

1

  Partially dependent (ADL = 0/IADL ≥ 1)

     

1.83 (1.28 – 2.62)*

  Dependent (ADL ≥ 1)

     

2.62 (1.49 – 4.62)*

Somatic health problems

      

Number of somatic health problems

      

  0

     

1

  1

     

1.76 (0.55 – 5.62)

  2 - 4

     

2.75 (0.93 – 8.08)

  ≥ 5

     

4.00 (1.13 – 14.11)*

Joint diseases

     

1.28 (0.96 – 1.70)

Depression

     

1.79 (1.29 - 2.46)*

Hypertension

     

1.39 (0.99 – 1.95)

Diabetes

     

1.13 (0.77 – 1.66)

  1. † Income Level is presented in Minimum Wage Salaries.
  2. ‡ Regular physical activities: 5 or more times per week for at least 30 minutes.
  3. §ADL: Basic Activities of Daily Living; IADL: Instrumental Activities of Daily Living.
  4. * p < 0.05; † p < 0.001.
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BMC Geriatrics

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