A cognitive-motor intervention using a dance video game to enhance foot placement accuracy and gait under dual task conditions in older adults: a randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Results of foot placement accuracy

	Dance group (n = 8)		P _within	Control group (n = 9)		P _within	P _between
	pre	post		pre	post
Distance errors [mm]
Medio-lateral error	13.4 (10.0; 15.3)	10.1 (8.8; 11.95)	0.05*	12.9 (9.9; 16.2)	10.1 (8.7; 15.7)	0.44	0.70
Anterior-posterior error	16.6 (14.9; 29.2)	21.2 (15.1; 28.7)	0.33	21.7 (17.2; 26.9)	24.4 (15.5; 30.7)	0.17	0.63
Walking velocity [cm/s]
Condition 2	53.0 (45.0; 67.0)	62.0 (57.0; 75.0)	0.02*	53.0 (41.0; 68.0)	49.0 (34.5; 57.5)	0.81	0.03*
Condition 3	42.0 (34.0; 43.0)	47.0 (45.0; 49.0)	0.31	33.0 (25.5; 59.5)	41.0 (24.0; 64.0)	0.10	1.00
Quality evaluation (n, %)
Contact with leading foot
medio-lateral	11 (2.8)	3 (0.8)		5 (1.1)	6 (1.3)
anterior-posterior	17 (4.3)	8 (2.0)		21 (4.7)	10 (2.2)
Contact with subsequent foot	16 (4.0)	14 (3.5)		14 (3.1)	16 (3.6)
Wrong foot	2 (0.5)	2 (0.5)		5 (1.1)	2 (0.4)

Notes: Distance error (absolute values) and walking velocity values are displayed as group medians with interquartile ranges (q1; q3) due to non-normal distribution of data; * = significant within-group differences pre-post (P _within ≤ 0.05) calculated with Wilcoxon signed rank test; percentage values are defined as the quotient between number of contacts or wrong foot, respectively, divided by the sum of trials of the whole group.
Abbreviations: P _within: P-value for within-group comparison; P _between: P-value for between-groups comparison.

ISSN: 1471-2318