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Table 4 Percentage of respondents with disability in activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and either ADL or IADL, stratified by age and by sex

From: Recent trends in chronic disease, impairment and disability among older adults in the United States

 

ADL or IADL Disability, % (95% Confidence Interval)

 

Any ADL

Any IADL

Either ADL or IADL

Overall

   

   1998, n = 10390

19.2 (18.4, 20.0)

17.8 (17.0, 18.6)

26.3 (25.4, 27.2)

   2004, n = 10621

17.4 (16.6, 18.2)

17.7 (16.9, 18.5)

25.3 (24.4, 26.2)

   2008, n = 10557

18.4 (17.6, 19.2)

16.6 (15.8, 17.4)

25.4 (24.5, 26.3)

 

p = 0.01

p = 0.06

p = 0.25

Respondent Age

   

65-69 years

   

   1998, n = 3018

12.4 (11.2, 13.7)

9.1 (8.0, 10.2)

16.3 (14.9, 17.8)

   2004, n = 3392

11.3 (10.2, 12.6)

9.2 (8.2, 10.4)

15.5 (14.2, 16.9)

   2008, n = 3128

13.1 (11.7, 14.7)

9.5 (8.3, 10.8)

17.0 (15.5, 18.7)

 

p = 0.15

p = 0.89

p = 0.31

70-74 years

   

   1998, n = 2720

15.3 (13.9, 16.8)

12.6 (11.0, 13.5)

20.4 (18.8, 22.0)

2004, n = 2656

2008, n = 2908

13.4 (12.0, 14.9)

13.2 (11.9, 14.6)

12.2 (10.9, 13.6)

11.7 (10.5, 13.1)

19 (17.4, 20.7)

19 (17.4, 20.6)

 

p = 0.08

p = 0.84

P = 0.38

75-79 years

   

   1998, n = 2284

19.4 (17.7, 21.3)

19.1 (17.4, 20.9)

27.6 (25.6, 29.6)

   2004, n = 2031

17.1 (15.3, 18.9)

17.6 (15.8, 19.4)

25.7 (23.7, 27.8)

   2008, n = 2180

19.2 (17.4, 21.2)

15.1 (13.4, 16.8)

25.4 (23.4, 27.5)

 

p = 0.12

p = 0.01

p = 0.27

80-84 years

   

   1998, n = 1465

26.5 (24.1, 29.1)

26.7 (24.2, 29.2)

37.6 (34.9, 40.4)

   2004, n = 1609

22.2 (20.1, 24.5)

23.4 (21.1, 25.8)

32.8 (30.3, 35.4)

   2008, n = 1517

23.1 (22.4, 25.2)

24.6 (22.3, 27.1)

35.1 (32.5, 37.8)

 

p = 0.03

p = 0.17

p = 0.05

≥ 85 years

   

   1998, n = 1306

41 (38.0, 44.2)

46.6 (43.3, 49.6)

56.4 (53.2, 59.5)

   2004, n = 1425

36.6 (33.7, 39.3)

44.7 (41.5, 47.7)

54.0 (50.9, 57.1)

   2008, n = 1588

36.4 (35.9, 39.4)

39.1 (41.0, 44.5)

50.2 (47.2, 53.1)

 

p = 0.08

p = 0.002

p = 0.02

Respondent Sex

   

Male

   

   1998, n = 4463

15.6 (14.5, 16.8)

15.3 (14.2, 16.5)

23.0 (21.7, 24.3)

   2004, n = 4595

14.9 (13.9, 16.1)

15.9 (14.7, 17.0)

23.2 (21.9, 24.5)

   2008, n = 4441

15.0 (13.9, 16.2)

13.8 (12.7, 14.9)

21.6 (20.3, 23.0)

 

p = 0.65

p = 0.02

p = 0.18

Female

   

   1998, n = 5927

21.7 (20.6, 22.9)

19.6 (18.6, 20.7)

28.7 (27.5, 30.0)

   2004, n = 6026

19.3 (18.3, 20.4)

19.1 (18.0, 20.2)

26.9 (25.7, 28.2)

   2008, n = 6116

21.0 (19.8, 22.1)

18.8 (17.7, 19.9)

28.3 (27.0, 29.5)

 

p = 0.01

p = 0.53

p = 0.11

  1. Values are weighted percentages, with 95% confidence intervals in parentheses, derived by using the HRS respondent population weights of each year to adjust for the sampling design of survey.
  2. Note: P values were derived from the Wald chi-square tests which were performed to examine group differences in proportions of characteristics across years of survey. P-values refer to whether the proportions of characteristics were significantly different among groups between years.