Table 1 Participants’ depression, social and demographic characteristics
Variable | Total | Living alone | Living with partner | Nursing home |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Depression (risk, cut-off point = 2) | 29.9% | 29.5% | 18.1% | 54.3% |
Loneliness (risk, cut-off point = 3) | 26.2% | 29.1% | 15.4% | 44.5% |
Women | 62.1% | 66.3% | 53.4% | 72.3% |
Have children | 80.6% | 76.2% | 90.6% | 68.5% |
Limitation on ADL | ||||
Not limited | 54.1% | 53.5% | 62.3% | 39.8% |
Limited | 34.5% | 38.4% | 29.9% | 37.6% |
Strongly limited | 10.9% | 8.1% | 7.8% | 22.6% |
Education | ||||
Incomplete primary education | 23.7% | 25.5% | 15.6% | 37.0% |
Complete primary education | 44.8% | 45.5% | 46.4% | 40.3% |
Secondary | 15.0% | 15.7% | 16.2% | 11.1% |
University | 16.6% | 13.3% | 21.8% | 11.6% |
Economic harship | 26.7% | 28.6% | 27.9% | 19.6% |
Living arrangement | ||||
Living alone | 37.4% | - | - | - |
Living with partner only | 41.8% | - | - | - |
Nursing home | 20.7% | - | - | - |