Table 3 Comparison of frailty and multimorbidity definitions in predicting early mortality: Cox-Regression analyses for disease cluster configurations and frailty phenotypes with 5-Year all-cause mortality (N = 2,189)
NCD configuration only | NCD frequency only | Frailty only | NCD configuration + frailty | NCD frequency + frailty | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | ||
NCD configurations | ||||||
No NCDs | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | |
Neuro-Psychiatric | 1.30 (0.80–2.11) | - | - | 1.23 (0.76–2.00) | - | |
Metabolic | 1.22 (0.80–1.86) | - | - | 1.22 (0.80–1.85) | - | |
Cardiovascular | 1.65 (1.07–2.57) * | - | - | 1.56 (1.00–2.42) † | - | |
Mixt | 1.49 (1.00–2.22) † | - | - | 1.42 (0.95–2.11) | - | |
NCD Frequency | ||||||
0 to 2 NCDs | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | |
≥ 3 NCDs | - | 1.31 (1.09–1.58) ** | - | - | 1.23 (1.02–1.49) * | |
Frailty Phenotype | ||||||
Robust | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Pre-frail | - | - | 2.01 (1.29–3.14) ** | 1.97 (1.26–3.08) ** | 1.97 (1.26–3.08) ** | |
Frail | - | - | 2.45 (1.53–3.93) *** | 2.39 (1.48–3.84) *** | 2.35 (1.46–3.79) *** | |