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Table 1 Characteristics of Participants

From: Effects of Square Stepping Exercise on cognitive, physical, psychological, and group functioning in sedentary older adults: A center-based hybrid trial

 

Total

(N = 93)

Intervention

(n = 58)

Control

(n = 35)

p-value

  

Men (n = 9) Women (n = 49)

Men (n = 10)

Women (n = 25)

 

Age (years)

68.27 (± 5.70)

70.48 (± 4.60)

64.60 (± 5.50)

p <.001

Education Level

   

p <.001

 Nil

1 (1.1%)

1 (1.7%)

0 (0.0%)

 

 Primary

21 (22.6%)

18 (31.0%)

3 (8.6%)

 

 Secondary

49 (52.7%)

37 (63.8%)

12 (34.3%)

 

 Diploma

10 (10.8%)

2 (3.4%)

8 (22.9%)

 

 Bachelors

8 (8.6%)

0 (0.0%)

8 (22.9%)

 

 Masters

3 (3.2%)

0 (0.0%)

3 (0.0%)

 

 PhD

1 (1.1%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (2.9%)

 

Total Estimated Years of Education

10.22 (± 3.53)

8.69 (± 2.32)

12.74 (± 3.76)

p <.001

  1. Note. Data of age and total estimated years of education are Mean (SD) and data of education level are frequencies (%). Total years of education were estimated as follows: Primary (6 years), Secondary (10 years), Diploma (13 years), Bachelors (16 years), Masters (18 years), and PhD (22 years)