Influencing factors, gender differences and the decomposition of inequalities in cognitive function in Chinese older adults: a population-based cohort study

Yang, Ciran; Mao, Zongfu; Wu, Shaotang; Yin, Shicheng; Sun, Yu; Cui, Dan

doi:10.1186/s12877-024-04857-x

Table 1 RIF-UQR regression results of the factors influencing CFCOA

From: Influencing factors, gender differences and the decomposition of inequalities in cognitive function in Chinese older adults: a population-based cohort study

Characteristics/Variables (Reference group)	Model 1^a		Model 2^b		Model 3^b		Model 4^b
Characteristics/Variables (Reference group)	OLS	P-value	Q25	P-value	Q50	P-value	Q75	P-value
Gender (Females)	0.793^**	≤ 0.001	1.228^**	≤ 0.001	0.838^**	≤ 0.001	0.585^**	≤ 0.001
Age	-0.097^**	≤ 0.001	-0.122^**	≤ 0.001	-0.101^**	≤ 0.001	-0.078^**	≤ 0.001
BMI (Normal: 18.5 ≤ BMI < 24)
Light (12 ≤ BMI < 18.5)	-0.434^*	0.027	-0.765^*	0.046	-0.566	0.057	-0.367	0.125
Heavy (24 ≤ BMI < 28)	0.108	0.365	0.115	0.589	0.308	0.093	0.085	0.590
Obese (28 ≤ BMI ≤ 60)	0.244	0.262	0.322	0.392	0.608	0.069	0.360	0.197
Waist	0.007	0.320	0.007	0.621	-0.007	0.556	-0.006	0.515
Subjective health (Poor)
Moderate	0.280^**	0.005	0.121	0.521	0.475^**	0.003	0.314^*	0.012
Excellent	0.318^*	0.016	0.134	0.554	0.493^*	0.017	0.163	0.342
Marital status (Not in marriage)	0.190	0.127	0.630^**	0.005	0.328	0.079	0.010	0.950
Smoking (Never)
Former	-0.373^**	0.005	-0.589^*	0.014	-0.242	0.256	-0.217	0.252
Long-term/Current	-0.475^**	≤ 0.001	-0.633^**	0.007	-0.614^**	0.002	-0.313	0.067
Drinking (Never)
Less than once a month	0.013	0.928	0.420	0.096	0.076	0.735	-0.298	0.140
More than once a month	-0.003	0.981	0.026	0.900	-0.050	0.788	-0.035	0.822
Education (No formal education)
Elementary school or below	2.825^**	≤ 0.001	4.594^**	≤ 0.001	3.174^**	≤ 0.001	1.453^**	≤ 0.001
Junior high school or above	4.110^**	≤ 0.001	5.514^**	≤ 0.001	4.798^**	≤ 0.001	3.264^**	≤ 0.001
Social interaction (Inactive)	0.649^**	≤ 0.001	0.770^**	≤ 0.001	0.787^**	≤ 0.001	0.591^**	≤ 0.001
Physical activity (Inactive)
Low to moderately active	0.879^**	≤ 0.001	1.445^**	≤ 0.001	1.044^**	≤ 0.001	0.578^**	≤ 0.001
Highly active	0.817^**	≤ 0.001	1.435^**	≤ 0.001	1.070^**	≤ 0.001	0.431^*	0.036
Family size (Small: 1 to 2)
Medium (3 to 4)	-0.076	0.460	0.093	0.613	-0.221	0.137	-0.070	0.599
Large (5 or more)	-0.097	0.418	-0.064	0.765	-0.097	0.602	-0.164	0.295
Family socioeconomic status (Low)
Relatively low	0.028	0.829	0.295	0.219	0.109	0.595	-0.049	0.773
Relatively high	-0.242	0.088	-0.312	0.267	-0.287	0.213	-0.171	0.358
High	-0.165	0.175	-0.157	0.484	-0.104	0.598	-0.214	0.173
Hukou (Agricultural hukou)	0.540^**	≤ 0.001	-0.082	0.746	0.783^**	0.008	0.991^**	≤ 0.001
Constants	12.122^**	≤ 0.001	9.681^**	≤ 0.001	13.244^**	≤ 0.001	16.284^**	≤ 0.001
Work status FE	Yes		Yes		Yes		Yes
Community FE	Yes		Yes		Yes		Yes
Interviewed FE	Yes		Yes		Yes		Yes
Adjusted R-squared	0.396		0.261		0.279		0.234
RMSE	2.673		4.855		4.113		3.522
Average RIF	—		8.345		10.973		13.258
Observations	4821		4821		4821		4821

CFCOA, cognitive function in Chinese older adults; BMI, body mass index; FE: fixed effect; RMSE, Root mean squared error; RIF, recentered influence function; UQR, unconditional quantile regression; OLS, ordinary least squares.
^a Model 1 was estimated using OLS regression.
^b Models 2 to 4 were estimated using RIF-UQR.
Standard errors and P-values for all models were obtained using bootstrap methods with 500 replications.
^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01.

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ISSN: 1471-2318

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