From: Non-adherence to medication regimens among older African-American adults
Independent variables | Non-Adherence with dosage regimen OR (95% CI) Model 1 | Non-Adherence with dosage regimen OR (95% CI) Model 2 | Taking less - skip or forget OR (95% CI) Model 3 | Taking less - skip or forget OR (95% CI) Model 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||
 Female | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 Male | 1.16 (0.68–1.98) | 1.21 (0.71–2.07) | 1.59 (0.99–2.55) | 1.53 (0.95–2.46) |
Age | ||||
  ≥ 75 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 65–74 | 0.69 (0.41–1.16) | 0.71 (0.43–1.19) | 0.79 (0.51–1.23) | 0.78 (0.50–1.21) |
Education | ||||
 No high school diploma | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 High school diploma | 0.72 (0.39–1.32) | 0.73 (0.40–1.41) | 0.85 (0.51–1.43) | 0.92 (0.55–1.54) |
Co-payment for RX | ||||
 No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 Yes | 2.94 (1.59–5.26) a | 2.86 (1.54–5.26) a | 1.19 (0.69–2.04) | 1.11 (0.65–1.89) |
Memory Deficit | ||||
 Not Noticeable | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 Mild to Moderate | 1.27 (0.60–2.63) | 1.27 (0.60–2.70) | 0.87 (0.36–1.32) | 0.68 (0.36–1.32) |
 Severe | 2.5 (1.18–5.26) b | 2.63 (1.25–5.56) a | 0.88 (0.46–1.69) | 0.88 (0.46–1.69) |
Medication Knowledge | ||||
 Factor 1 (Dosage/Purpose) | 6.76 (4.24–10.8) a | 7.35 (4.53–11.9) a | 0.93 (0.74–1.16) | 0.93 (0.73–1.17) |
 Factor 2 (Side Effects/Other Instructions) | 1.33 (0.99–1.78) | 1.49 (1.09–2.05) b | 1.28 (1.02–1.62) c | 1.29 (1.03–1.64) c |
Medication Duplication | ||||
 No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 Yes | 1.25 (0.71–2.17) | 0.97 (0.58–1.64) | 1.08 (0.66–1.72) | 0.87 (0.56–1.37) |
PIM | ||||
 None | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
 At Least One | 1.23 (0.70–2.32) | 1.19 (0.67–2.08) | 0.76 (0.47–1.23) | 0.76 (0.92–1.25) |
Medication Regimen Complexity Index | ||||
  < 10 | 1 | NA | 1 | NA |
  ≥ 10 | 2.02 (1.10–3.90) c | - | 2.43 (1.31–4.50) b | - |
Polypharmacy | ||||
 0–4 | NA | 1 | NA | 1 |
  ≥ 5 | - | 1.09 (0.60–1.97) | - | 1.66 (0.99–2.80) |
-2 Log Likelihood | 391.2 | 395.5 | 491.9 | 491.6 |
Nagelkerke R-Square | 0.438 | 0.428 | 0.11 | 0.10 |
% of correctly predicted outcome | 77% | 76% | 66% | 66% |