Characteristic | Intervention (n = 21) | Control (n = 26) | Adjusted mean difference between groups at 3 months* (95% CI) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 3 months | Baseline | 3 months | ||
Physical characteristics | |||||
Body mass, kg Body mass index, kg/m2 Waist circumference, cm Heart rate, beats/min Systolic blood pressure, mmHg Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 74.4 (14.8) 29.4 (6.0) 96.2 (12.6) 79 (17) 153 (32) 87 (17) | 74.2 (15.2) 29.3 (6.1) 94.5 (12.7) 74 (14) 142 (22) 82 (13) | 79.3 (19.9) 31.0 (6.3) 99.3 (12.4) 80 (11) 141 (22) 79 (11) | 78.0 (19.0) 30.5 (6.0) 98.7 (12.4) 80 (11) 138 (24) 75 (13) | 1.0 (−0.4 to 2.5) 0.4 (−0.2 to 0.9) −0.8 (−4.0 to 2.3) −6 (−11 to −1) −3 (−14 to 8) 3 (−5 to 11) |
Physical function | |||||
SPPB total scorea Standing balancea, s Sit to standb, s Four-metre walk timeb, s Chair sit-and reacha, cm Back scratcha, cm | 9.5 (1.9) 27.51 (4.55) 16.45 (6.63) 4.10 (0.83) −7 (9) −11 (13) | 10.0 (1.8) 29.00 (3.08) 14.64 (4.52) 4.04 (0.87) −2 (10) −7 (12) | 8.2 (2.3) 26.96 (6.03) 22.59 (11.90) 5.81 (4.46) −8 (14) −18 (17) | 8.2 (2.2) 27.44 (4.82) 19.63 (8.10) 5.28 (1.84) −8 (13) −16 (17) | 0.9 (−0.3 to 2.0) 1.50 (−0.98 to 3.97) −1.73 (−4.08 to 0.62) −0.63 (−1.47 to 0.21) 5 (0 to 10) 2 (−2 to 7) |
Questionnaires | |||||
EQ-5D utility indexa EQ-VASa WEMWBSa | 0.72 (0.16) 71 (13) 49 (12) | 0.81 (0.12) 83 (11) 56 (9) | 0.64 (0.20) 64 (17) 52 (8) | 0.63 (0.22) 63 (17) 52 (10) | 0.12 (0.03 to 0.21) 17 (8 to 26) 6 (1 to 11) |