Incidence of frailty in pre-diabetes and diabetes subjects (n = 2176) | Incidence of frailty in subjects with normal blood glucose (n = 4117) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Adj. RR (95%CI) | P value* | Adj. RR (95%CI) | P value* | |
Male vs female | 0.67 (0.52,0.86) | 0.0017 | / | / |
Urban vs rural | 2.28 (1.32, 3.91) | 0.0030 | / | / |
Age group | ||||
55–64 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
65–74 | 1.70 (1.12, 2.58) | 0.0125 | 2.01 (1.37,2.93) | 0.0003 |
75–84 | 2.62 (1.71, 4.03) | <.0001 | 3.49 (2.38,5.12) | <.0001 |
≥85 | 4.88 (2.53, 9.42) | <.0001 | 7.72 (4.61,12.94) | <.0001 |
Regularly receiving medical consultation after baseline vs not receiving | 0.79 (0.62,1.00) | 0.0463 | 0.72 (0.58, 0.90) | 0.0041 |
Regular anti diabetic treatment vs irregular | 1.16 (0.91, 1.48) | 0.2240 | / | / |
Number of comorbiditya | ||||
0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
1–2 | 1.19 (0.83,1.70) | 0.3386 | 2.13 (1.53, 2.98) | <.0001 |
≥3 | 3.02 (2.07,4.39) | <.0001 | 3.43 (2.30, 5.12) | <.0001 |
Polypharmacy ≥4 types/day | / | / | 1.44 (1.11, 1.86) | 0.0062 |
Doing or helping with house work | ||||
Never | Ref | Ref | / | / |
Occasionally | 0.87 (0.61,1.24) | 0.4344 | / | / |
Regularly | 0.67 (0.47,0.95) | 0.0247 | / | / |
Waist circumference high vs normal | 1.37 (0.99,1.89) | 0.0549 | / | / |
Self-awareness of blood glucose level | / | / | 0.72 (0.57, 0.90) | 0.0036 |