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Table 3 Crude and adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause mortality for tertiles of maximum grip strength in the KORA-Age Study (2008 – 2011)

From: Gender differences in the association between grip strength and mortality in older adults: results from the KORA-age study

 

Grip strength

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Men

 

Low

5.49 (2.45–12.3)

2.55 (1.04–6.22)

2.37 (0.97–5.75)

 

Moderate

1.66 (0.65–4.21)

1.12 (0.43–2.91)

0.97 (0.36–2.57)

 

High

1

1

1

Women

 

Low

20.96 (2.56–154)

7.24 (0.94–56)

5.23 (0.67–40.9)

 

Moderate

5.17 (0.66–40.8)

2.87 (0.36–23)

2.17 (0.26–17.7)

 

High

1

1

1

Total study population

 

Low

7.20 (3.45–14.99)

3.11 (1.42–6.85)

3.33 (1.53–7.22)

 

Moderate

1.96 (0.87–4.43)

1.31 (0.57–3.01)

1.42 (0.61–3.28)

 

High

1

1

1

  1. Model 1: unadjusted. Model 2: adjusted for age (in the total study population, adjusted for both age and gender). Model 3: further adjusted for age, nutritional status: tertiles 1/2 vs. 3, physical inactivity, number of prescribed drugs, lung diseases, CVD, cancer (in the total study population, also adjusted for gender). Grip strength: low: men ≤30/women ≤18 (kg), moderate: men >30– ≤ 38/women >18– ≤ 24 (kg) and high: men >38/women >24 (kg)