Total | Cognitive decline | OR | Univariate analysis | p | OR | Multivariate analysis | p | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
95 % CI | 95 % CI | |||||||||||
Lower limit | Upper limit | Lower limit | Upper limit | |||||||||
Overall | Normal vision/hearing function | 773 | 360 | 1.000 | - | - | - | 1.000 | - | - | - | a |
Vision impairment | 252 | 138 | 1.389 | 1.04 | 1.85 | 0.02 | 1.457 | 1.07 | 0.02 | |||
Hearing impairment | 409 | 237 | 1.581 | 1.24 | 2.01 | <0.001 | 1.473 | 0.00 | ||||
Dual sensory impairment | 320 | 215 | 2.349 | 1.79 | 3.09 | <0.001 | 1.965 | <0.001 | ||||
Total | 1754 | 950 | ||||||||||
65–74 (yrs) | Normal vision/hearing function | 185 | 61 | 1.000 | - | - | - | 1.000 | - | - | - | b |
Vision impairment | 59 | 27 | 1.715 | 0.94 | 3.12 | 0.08 | 1.774 | 0.89 | 3.54 | 0.10 | ||
Hearing impairment | 27 | 10 | 1.196 | 0.52 | 2.77 | 0.68 | 1.246 | 0.49 | 3.19 | 0.65 | ||
Dual sensory impairment | 16 | 9 | 2.614 | 0.93 | 7.35 | 0.07 | 2.653 | 0.78 | 8.99 | 0.12 | ||
Total | 287 | 107 | ||||||||||
75–85 | Normal vision/hearing function | 518 | 258 | 1.000 | - | - | - | 1.000 | - | - | - | b |
Vision impairment | 172 | 99 | 1.367 | 0.97 | 1.94 | 0.08 | 1.513 | 1.04 | 2.21 | 0.03 | ||
Hearing impairment | 281 | 164 | 1.413 | 1.05 | 1.89 | 0.02 | 1.584 | 1.15 | 2.18 | 0.00 | ||
Dual sensory impairment | 218 | 147 | 2.086 | 1.50 | 2.91 | <0.001 | 1.916 | 1.34 | 2.74 | <0.001 | ||
Total | 1189 | 668 | ||||||||||
≥90 | Normal vision/hearing function | 70 | 41 | 1.000 | - | - | - | 1.000 | - | - | - | b |
Vision impairment | 21 | 12 | 0.943 | 0.35 | 2.53 | 0.91 | 0.976 | 0.32 | 2.99 | 0.97 | ||
Hearing impairment | 101 | 63 | 1.173 | 0.63 | 2.19 | 0.62 | 1.222 | 0.60 | 2.49 | 0.58 | ||
Dual sensory impairment | 86 | 59 | 1.546 | 0.80 | 2.99 | 0.19 | 1.437 | 0.68 | 3.04 | 0.34 | ||
Total | 278 | 175 |